NUTS-3 RO223 · Romania
Constanţa
Export region data (CSV)Constanţa generates €13bn of GDP across 656.1k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 35.3/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +8.7%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate down 3.4pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for clean environment (39th EU percentile) and weakest for education (0.5th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
35.3
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth38.4
Livability18.8
Market access15
Economic scale69
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
33
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability9
Labour stability47
Diversification54
Demographic stability22
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
42.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density26
Airport access86
Market access15
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
13.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary0
Lifelong learning33
Knowledge workers2
Scientists & engineers19
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
18.8
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy25
Jobs4
Education0.5
Health2.5
Safety36.7
Connectivity24
Environment39
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
38.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+8.7%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+5.3%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+3.4 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.4 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.5%
CAGR
Employment rate
-3.4 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+3.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 31.8%Diversified · HHI 2222
Agriculture 2.1%Industry 25.2%Construction 10.6%Trade · transport · ICT 31.8%Finance · real estate · prof. 14.5%Public · health · education 15.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€11,676M
2024 · EU pctl 69
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€245M
2024 · EU pctl 66
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,941M
2024 · EU pctl 71
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€980M
2023 · EU pctl 40
GVA — construction (F)
€1,239M
2024 · EU pctl 85
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,709M
2024 · EU pctl 80
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€7,700
2023 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,500 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 47
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€19,600
2024 · EU pctl 19
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€6,740M
2023 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€569M
2023 · EU pctl 13 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€11,406M
2023 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€753M
2024 · EU pctl 44
GVA — information & communication (J)
€132M
2024 · EU pctl 47
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,690M
2024 · EU pctl 55
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,852M
2024 · EU pctl 58
Labour market
Employment, total persons
287,580
2024 · EU pctl 84
Self-employed persons
49,890
2023 · EU pctl 87
Employment in manufacturing (C)
34,700
2023 · EU pctl 76
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
63.8%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
31.4%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
35,932
2023 · EU pctl 78
Enterprise births
4,716
2023 · EU pctl 83
Enterprise deaths
2,503
2023 · EU pctl 74
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
2023 · EU pctl 80
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
1
2010 · EU pctl 4
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
1 /M pop
2010 · EU pctl 1
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.1%
2023 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
0.8%
2025 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
14.1%
2025 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
16.4%
2025 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
9.2%
2025 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
13.4%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
6.4%
2025 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
93.4%
2025 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
5,552,533
2025 · EU pctl 88
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
415 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
396
CURRENT · EU pctl 32
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
60
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
20
CURRENT · EU pctl 13
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
419,609
2025 · EU pctl 87
Population aged 65+
132,837
2025 · EU pctl 85
Population aged under 15
103,636
2025 · EU pctl 88
Median age of population
43.9 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 26
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.7%
2025 · EU pctl 20
Crude rate of total population change
-2.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 30
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 36
Crude birth rate
7.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 41
Crude death rate
12.7 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 67
Live births
4,874
2024 · EU pctl 85
Deaths
8,348
2024 · EU pctl 91
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.4%
2025 · EU pctl 29
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.40
2024 · EU pctl 51
Population density (persons per km²)
98 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 39
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
38.0%
2025 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
75.7 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
634 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 81 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,908 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
233 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 56 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 64
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
61.1 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 86
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
259 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 59
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
468 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 29
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
94 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
10 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 6
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
33 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 85
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
54 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 45
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 49
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
14
2024 · EU pctl 61
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Romania regions