NUTS-3 RO112 · Romania
Bistriţa-Năsăud
Bistriţa-Năsăud generates €3.5bn of GDP across 297.2k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 28.3/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic growth and livability. Its economy has grown +8.6%/yr over five years, with the employment rate down 1.5pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (71th EU percentile) and weakest for education (3.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard4 → 3 EU percentile since 1995 (0 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Cost advantage96
Resilience70
Industrial base65
Growth momentum58
Energy cost52
Digital readiness39
Freight intensity37
Quality of life24
Connectivity22
Talent & skills14
Labour market13
Economic base8
Demographic outlook5
Governance2
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
28.3
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth57.8
Livability23.5
Market access13
Economic scale19
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
69.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability14
Labour stability74
Diversification93
Demographic stability97
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
22.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density26
Airport access28
Market access13
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
13.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary4
Lifelong learning20
Knowledge workers4
Scientists & engineers27
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
23.5
/ 100 · EU-relative · 6/7 pillars
Economy6
Jobs23
Education3.5
Health5
Safety71
Connectivity32.5
Environment—
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
57.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+8.6%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+8.5%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.1 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.5 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+1.4%
CAGR
Employment rate
-1.5 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+2.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 23%Diversified · HHI 1912
Agriculture 4.8%Industry 22.6%Construction 13.2%Trade · transport · ICT 23%Finance · real estate · prof. 15.8%Public · health · education 20.5%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€3,491M2024
9.4% 1y 8.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 19
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€2,612M2025
0.3% 1y 3.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 16
Population
297,2112025
0.0% 1y 1.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 57
Unemployment rate
5.8%2025
26.1% 1y 8.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 67
Employment
130,3902024
0.5% 1y 1.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 55
Productivity / employee
€29,8052025
11.3% 1y 9.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 3
Gross value added
€3,163M2024
8.5% 1y 8.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 19
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€3,163M
2024 · EU pctl 19
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€151M
2024 · EU pctl 51
GVA — industry (B–E)
€716M
2024 · EU pctl 22
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€658M
2023 · EU pctl 28
GVA — construction (F)
€419M
2024 · EU pctl 46
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€729M
2024 · EU pctl 26
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€9,100
2023 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
19,500 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 8
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€11,700
2024 · EU pctl 3
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€8,805M
2023 · EU pctl 30 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,026M
2023 · EU pctl 24 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€16,038M
2023 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€308M
2024 · EU pctl 20
GVA — information & communication (J)
€21M
2024 · EU pctl 14
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€499M
2024 · EU pctl 14
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€650M
2024 · EU pctl 16
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€2,612M
2025 · EU pctl 16
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€29,805
2025 · EU pctl 3
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€808M
2025 · EU pctl 19
Labour market
Employment, total persons
130,390
2024 · EU pctl 55
Self-employed persons
37,040
2023 · EU pctl 77
Employment in manufacturing (C)
27,000
2023 · EU pctl 68
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
68.4%
2025 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
28.3%
2025 · EU pctl 91 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.8%
2025 · EU pctl 67
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
131,700
2025 · EU pctl 52
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
13,634
2023 · EU pctl 49
Enterprise births
1,555
2023 · EU pctl 56
Enterprise deaths
938
2023 · EU pctl 48
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.8%
2023 · EU pctl 97
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.3%
2023 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.3%
2025 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.2%
2023 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
18.6%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
22.8%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
7.5%
2025 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
15.4%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.1%
2025 · EU pctl 27 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
94.5%
2025 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
180,584
2025 · EU pctl 10
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
436 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
7,038 kt
2025 · EU pctl 49
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
153
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
52
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
3 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
76
CURRENT · EU pctl 72
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
193,210
2025 · EU pctl 59
Population aged 65+
53,351
2025 · EU pctl 45
Population aged under 15
50,650
2025 · EU pctl 66
Median age of population
41.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 11
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
27.6%
2025 · EU pctl 7
Crude rate of total population change
0.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 31
Crude birth rate
8.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 70
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 33
Live births
2,530
2024 · EU pctl 64
Deaths
3,180
2024 · EU pctl 53
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
53.8%
2025 · EU pctl 16
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.50
2024 · EU pctl 71
Population density (persons per km²)
56 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 20
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
237,516
2100 · EU pctl 54
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
753 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,857 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
255 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.0 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 0
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
3.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 5
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
72.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 11
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
111 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 3
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
65 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
2022 · EU pctl 2
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
2022 · EU pctl 6
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
2022 · EU pctl 12
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
2022 · EU pctl 4
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
2022 · EU pctl 75
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 48
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 39
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
519 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 82
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
4 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 23
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
109 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 90
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 58
Environment
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
31
2024 · EU pctl 1
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
10.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 17
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
5.5%
2021 · EU pctl 70
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Romania regions