NUTS-3 RO211 · Romania
Bacău
Export region data (CSV)Bacău generates €7.4bn of GDP across 592k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 32.6/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic growth and economic scale. Its economy has grown +11.3%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate down 10.0pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (54th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (0th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
32.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth52.8
Livability17.4
Market access13
Economic scale47
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
54.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability8
Labour stability53
Diversification91
Demographic stability66
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
38.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density14
Airport access88
Market access13
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
16.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary2
Lifelong learning48
Knowledge workers2
Scientists & engineers15
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
17.4
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy6
Jobs22
Education0.5
Health2.5
Safety54
Connectivity37
Environment0
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
52.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+11.3%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+9.7%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.6 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+2.1 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.4%
CAGR
Employment rate
-10.0 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+2.7 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 26.5%Diversified · HHI 1948
Agriculture 3.9%Industry 15.2%Construction 20.2%Trade · transport · ICT 26.5%Finance · real estate · prof. 15.3%Public · health · education 18.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 71 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,706M
2024 · EU pctl 47
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€262M
2024 · EU pctl 68
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,018M
2024 · EU pctl 33
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€936M
2023 · EU pctl 39
GVA — construction (F)
€1,355M
2024 · EU pctl 87
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,777M
2024 · EU pctl 58
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€7,200
2023 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
20,700 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 10
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€12,500
2024 · EU pctl 4
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€7,628M
2023 · EU pctl 23 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€620M
2023 · EU pctl 14 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€12,735M
2023 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€669M
2024 · EU pctl 40
GVA — information & communication (J)
€91M
2024 · EU pctl 41
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,028M
2024 · EU pctl 36
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,267M
2024 · EU pctl 41
Labour market
Employment, total persons
301,330
2024 · EU pctl 86
Self-employed persons
113,240
2023 · EU pctl 98
Employment in manufacturing (C)
35,780
2023 · EU pctl 77
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
65.9%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
18.0%
2025 · EU pctl 63 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
23,205
2023 · EU pctl 65
Enterprise births
2,606
2023 · EU pctl 71
Enterprise deaths
1,690
2023 · EU pctl 65
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.0%
2023 · EU pctl 87
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
1
2010 · EU pctl 4
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
1 /M pop
2010 · EU pctl 1
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.3%
2023 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
1.4%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
13.4%
2025 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
19.0%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
10.0%
2025 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
13.0%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
5.8%
2025 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.0%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
394,876
2025 · EU pctl 26
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
344 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
43
CURRENT · EU pctl 19
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
7
CURRENT · EU pctl 14
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
18
CURRENT · EU pctl 11
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
375,417
2025 · EU pctl 83
Population aged 65+
118,981
2025 · EU pctl 80
Population aged under 15
97,601
2025 · EU pctl 86
Median age of population
43.5 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 23
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.7%
2025 · EU pctl 20
Crude rate of total population change
-6.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 12
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Crude birth rate
6.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 31
Crude death rate
13.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 80
Live births
4,127
2024 · EU pctl 79
Deaths
8,171
2024 · EU pctl 91
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.7%
2025 · EU pctl 39
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.32
2024 · EU pctl 37
Population density (persons per km²)
91 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 36
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
30.3%
2025 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
75.5 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
663 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,885 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 96 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
246 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 76 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
9.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
56.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
133 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 6
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
87 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
326 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 64
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
8 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 50
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
114 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 91
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 54
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
34
2024 · EU pctl 100
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
47
2024 · EU pctl 16
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Romania regions