NUTS-3 PL416 · Poland
Kaliski
Kaliski generates €12bn of GDP across 637.8k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 47.9/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +7.8%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 4.5pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for jobs (75th EU percentile) and weakest for health (14th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard8 → 17 EU percentile since 1995 (+8 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Industrial base91
Cost advantage85
Digital readiness84
Freight intensity80
Energy cost79
Labour market55
Growth momentum53
Demographic outlook45
Quality of life40
Talent & skills36
Resilience27
Economic base26
Connectivity21
Air quality19
Governance14
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
47.9
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth53.4
Livability40.1
Market access32
Economic scale66
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
27.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability22
Labour stability29
Diversification46
Demographic stability12
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
21.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density14
Airport access18
Market access32
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
35.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary54
Lifelong learning10
Knowledge workers49
Scientists & engineers29
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
19.3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.518.2 µg/m³
PM1025.4 µg/m³
NO212.3 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
40.1
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy20.5
Jobs75
Education40
Health14
Safety62.7
Connectivity49
Environment19.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
53.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+7.8%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+7.2%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.7 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.0 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.8%
CAGR
Employment rate
+4.5 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.0 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 36.3%Diversified · HHI 2275
Agriculture 5.9%Industry 36.3%Construction 9%Trade · transport · ICT 21.7%Finance · real estate · prof. 12.4%Public · health · education 14.8%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€11,583M2023
14.7% 1y 7.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 66
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€9,997M2025
3.9% 1y 3.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 65
Population
637,7552025
0.4% 1y 0.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 86
Unemployment rate
2.8%2025
16.7% 1y 9.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 6
Employment
307,5002023
2.4% 1y 0.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 86
Productivity / employee
€46,4542025
8.2% 1y 10.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 16
Gross value added
€10,466M2023
16.2% 1y 8.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 66
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€10,466M
2023 · EU pctl 66
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€617M
2023 · EU pctl 91
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,802M
2023 · EU pctl 81
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,378M
2023 · EU pctl 84
GVA — construction (F)
€937M
2023 · EU pctl 78
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,266M
2023 · EU pctl 67
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€11,800
2023 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
26,100 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 26
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€17,700
2023 · EU pctl 15
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€12,125M
2023 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,853M
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€27,656M
2023 · EU pctl 42 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,299M
2023 · EU pctl 44
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,545M
2023 · EU pctl 51
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€9,997M
2025 · EU pctl 65
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€46,454
2025 · EU pctl 16
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,230M
2025 · EU pctl 60
Labour market
Employment, total persons
307,500
2023 · EU pctl 86
Self-employed persons
74,500
2023 · EU pctl 94
Employment in manufacturing (C)
94,200
2023 · EU pctl 98
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
76.0%
2025 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
8.7%
2025 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.8%
2025 · EU pctl 6
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
313,400
2025 · EU pctl 85
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
45,855
2023 · EU pctl 84
Enterprise births
4,484
2023 · EU pctl 82
Enterprise deaths
5,210
2023 · EU pctl 89
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
2023 · EU pctl 79
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.1%
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
2.9%
2025 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.7%
2023 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
34.7%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
42.1%
2025 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
6.4%
2025 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
22.8%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.2%
2025 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.8%
2025 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
344,910
2024 · EU pctl 22
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
667 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
54
CURRENT · EU pctl 20
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
28,190 kt
2025 · EU pctl 94
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
7 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 17 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
9
CURRENT · EU pctl 14
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
92
CURRENT · EU pctl 82
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
410,482
2025 · EU pctl 86
Population aged 65+
129,575
2025 · EU pctl 84
Population aged under 15
97,698
2025 · EU pctl 87
Median age of population
43.2 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 20
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.6%
2025 · EU pctl 20
Crude rate of total population change
-4.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 19
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.7 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 11
Crude birth rate
7.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 39
Crude death rate
10.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Live births
4,641
2024 · EU pctl 83
Deaths
6,955
2024 · EU pctl 87
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
55.4%
2025 · EU pctl 24
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.25
2024 · EU pctl 27
Population density (persons per km²)
111 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 44
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
451,028
2100 · EU pctl 78
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
446 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,508 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
284 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 22
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
5.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 9
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
103 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 21
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
175 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 10
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
62 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
2022 · EU pctl 6
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
2022 · EU pctl 24
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
2022 · EU pctl 4
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
2022 · EU pctl 24
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
2022 · EU pctl 69
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 21
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 90
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
151 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 40
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
12 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 66
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
77 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 70
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 20
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
25
2024 · EU pctl 94
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
12
2024 · EU pctl 49
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
57
2024 · EU pctl 68
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
130 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 92
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
1.0%
2021 · EU pctl 21
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Poland regions