NUTS-3 RO223 · Romania
Population
656,0822025
GDP
€12,885M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
11.3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
62.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
7,080.9 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
RO223 · PL414
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Koniński (Opportunity 45). Runner-up: Constanţa (35). Contrarian pick: Constanţa — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 97).
Strengths
Cost advantage (97) · Energy cost (52)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Koniński
Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 14) — Constanţa may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Koniński leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
35.3
45.4
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
33.0
36.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
18.8
42.5
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
40.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
42.3
19.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
13.5
35.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
38.4
51.0
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
0.8% 5y
3.0% 5y
Population
0.5% 5y
1.1% 5y
Unemployment rate
8.8% 5y
1.5% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€19,640
€15,708
Population density
93 /km²
96 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€11,676M
€8,764M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€245M
€709M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,941M
€2,863M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€980M
€2,148M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,239M
€719M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,709M
€1,812M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€7,700
€11,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,500 PPS
22,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€19,600
€15,400
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€6,740M
€12,125M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€569M
€2,853M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€11,406M
€27,656M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€753M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€132M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,690M
€1,207M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,852M
€1,454M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,322M
€8,371M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€49,878
€48,445
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,973M
€1,868M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
287,580
246,900
Self-employed persons
49,890
65,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
34,700
55,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
63.8%
76.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
31.4%
8.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
11.3%
2.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
267,100
304,600
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
35,932
41,224
Enterprise births
4,716
4,364
Enterprise deaths
2,503
5,146
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
5.9%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.1%
1.1%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
0.8%
2.9%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.1%
0.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
14.1%
34.7%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
16.4%
42.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.2%
6.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
13.4%
22.8%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
6.4%
7.2%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
93.4%
97.8%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
5,552,533
629,738
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
415 /1k
667 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
13,801 kt
20,414 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
424
43
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
5 km/1000km²
7 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
65
7
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
20
97
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
419,609
398,857
Population aged 65+
132,837
125,683
Population aged under 15
103,636
92,936
Median age of population
43.9 yrs
43.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.7%
31.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-2.0 /1k
-5.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.3 /1k
-0.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.4 /1k
6.8 /1k
Crude death rate
12.7 /1k
11.2 /1k
Live births
4,874
4,229
Deaths
8,348
6,904
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.4%
54.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.40
1.19
Population density (persons per km²)
98 /km²
98 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
456,388
428,810
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
38.0%
17.0%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
75.7 yrs
78.5 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
25.1%
15.4%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
638 /100k
446 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,908 /100k
1,508 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
233 /100k
284 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.2 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
61.1 /100k
7.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
259 /100k
267 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
468 /100k
116 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
94 /M
62 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
10 m
89 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
33 days/yr
10 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
54 days/yr
76 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
2 days/yr