NUTS-3 RO411 · Romania
Dolj
Dolj generates €8.5bn of GDP across 595.2k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 32.8/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +8.3%/yr over five years, with the employment rate down 7.7pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (55th EU percentile) and weakest for education (1.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard2 → 3 EU percentile since 1995 (+2 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Cost advantage97
Energy cost52
Digital readiness48
Connectivity42
Growth momentum40
Resilience39
Industrial base34
Air quality24
Quality of life21
Economic base18
Talent & skills11
Demographic outlook7
Freight intensity5
Labour market3
Governance2
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
32.8
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth40
Livability21.2
Market access16
Economic scale54
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
39
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability14
Labour stability51
Diversification80
Demographic stability11
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
42.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density27
Airport access84
Market access16
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
10.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary2
Lifelong learning1
Knowledge workers4
Scientists & engineers35
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
23.7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.512 µg/m³
PM1016.2 µg/m³
NO218.7 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
21.2
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy10.5
Jobs14
Education1.5
Health6.5
Safety55
Connectivity37.5
Environment23.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
40
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+8.3%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+8.5%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-0.2 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.8 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
-7.7 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 25.4%Diversified · HHI 2080
Agriculture 4.5%Industry 24.9%Construction 7.7%Trade · transport · ICT 25.4%Finance · real estate · prof. 14.8%Public · health · education 22.8%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€8,517M2024
9.4% 1y 8.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 54
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€5,163M2025
0.3% 1y 1.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 39
Population
595,2292025
0.5% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 83
Unemployment rate
6.9%2025
10.4% 1y 6.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 75
Employment
266,0802024
0.8% 1y 0.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 83
Productivity / employee
€35,6312025
11.3% 1y 11.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 5
Gross value added
€7,718M2024
8.6% 1y 8.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 53
All indicators · 89 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,718M
2024 · EU pctl 53
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€346M
2024 · EU pctl 78
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,919M
2024 · EU pctl 56
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,054M
2023 · EU pctl 43
GVA — construction (F)
€592M
2024 · EU pctl 61
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,958M
2024 · EU pctl 62
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€7,500
2023 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
23,700 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 18
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€14,300
2024 · EU pctl 8
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€4,369M
2023 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€531M
2023 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€8,535M
2023 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€558M
2024 · EU pctl 34
GVA — information & communication (J)
€281M
2024 · EU pctl 64
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,146M
2024 · EU pctl 40
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,757M
2024 · EU pctl 56
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,163M
2025 · EU pctl 39
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€35,631
2025 · EU pctl 5
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,585M
2025 · EU pctl 44
Labour market
Employment, total persons
266,080
2024 · EU pctl 83
Self-employed persons
82,460
2023 · EU pctl 95
Employment in manufacturing (C)
34,170
2023 · EU pctl 75
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
60.8%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
32.8%
2025 · EU pctl 96 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.9%
2025 · EU pctl 75
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
230,900
2025 · EU pctl 75
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
26,947
2023 · EU pctl 70
Enterprise births
3,636
2023 · EU pctl 78
Enterprise deaths
1,712
2023 · EU pctl 65
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.7%
2023 · EU pctl 81
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.2%
2023 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
1.9%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.1%
2023 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
16.8%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
20.4%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
3.0%
2025 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
15.3%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.5%
2025 · EU pctl 35 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
95.3%
2025 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
303,361
2025 · EU pctl 18
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
428 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 7 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
466
CURRENT · EU pctl 34
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
4,768 kt
2025 · EU pctl 35
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
0 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
78
CURRENT · EU pctl 27
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
22
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
379,998
2025 · EU pctl 84
Population aged 65+
125,310
2025 · EU pctl 83
Population aged under 15
89,921
2025 · EU pctl 84
Median age of population
44.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 35
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
33.0%
2025 · EU pctl 27
Crude rate of total population change
-5.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 15
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 25
Crude birth rate
7.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Crude death rate
14.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 86
Live births
4,302
2024 · EU pctl 81
Deaths
8,659
2024 · EU pctl 92
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.6%
2025 · EU pctl 31
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.34
2024 · EU pctl 40
Population density (persons per km²)
82 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 33
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
372,684
2100 · EU pctl 72
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
718 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,743 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
189 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 27
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
9.7 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 24
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
88.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
172 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 10
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
111 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
2022 · EU pctl 2
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
2022 · EU pctl 6
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
2022 · EU pctl 12
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
2022 · EU pctl 4
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
2022 · EU pctl 75
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 48
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 39
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
164 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 43
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
44 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 90
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
62 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 55
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
5 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 61
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
16
2024 · EU pctl 63
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
19
2024 · EU pctl 83
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
50
2024 · EU pctl 30
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
19.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 36
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
3.2%
2021 · EU pctl 51
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Romania regions