NUTS-3 HU311 · Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén generates €8.3bn of GDP across 610.9k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 35.6/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +4.8%/yr over five years and cooling, with the employment rate up 4.9pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for digital connectivity (47th EU percentile) and weakest for health (3th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard11 → 6 EU percentile since 1995 (-5 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Cost advantage96
Industrial base79
Growth momentum45
Connectivity39
Demographic outlook31
Labour market29
Freight intensity24
Resilience24
Quality of life23
Digital readiness22
Talent & skills18
Economic base7
Governance6
Energy cost2
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
35.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth44.6
Livability22.9
Market access23
Economic scale52
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
24
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability13
Labour stability8
Diversification65
Demographic stability10
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
39
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density72
Airport access22
Market access23
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
17.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary3
Lifelong learning60
Knowledge workers4
Scientists & engineers3
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
22.9
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy5.5
Jobs26.5
Education11
Health3
Safety39.3
Connectivity47
Environment28
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
44.6
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.8%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+5.9%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-1.0 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-1.4 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
+4.9 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 29.3%Diversified · HHI 2164
Agriculture 3.7%Industry 29.3%Construction 6.9%Trade · transport · ICT 16%Finance · real estate · prof. 19.3%Public · health · education 24.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€8,303M2024
1.6% 1y 4.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 52
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€6,147M2025
0.6% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 47
Population
610,9272025
1.1% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 84
Unemployment rate
7.0%2025
6.7% 1y 7.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 76
Employment
219,3502024
0.5% 1y 0.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 76
Productivity / employee
€40,0082025
5.6% 1y 5.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 9
Gross value added
€7,134M2024
0.9% 1y 5.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 50
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,134M
2024 · EU pctl 50
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€264M
2024 · EU pctl 69
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,088M
2024 · EU pctl 60
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,811M
2024 · EU pctl 63
GVA — construction (F)
€490M
2024 · EU pctl 53
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,140M
2024 · EU pctl 40
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€8,700
2023 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
19,100 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 7
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€13,500
2024 · EU pctl 7
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€3,870M
2023 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,489M
2023 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€6,296M
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€590M
2024 · EU pctl 36
GVA — information & communication (J)
€171M
2024 · EU pctl 52
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,379M
2024 · EU pctl 46
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,774M
2024 · EU pctl 56
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€6,147M
2025 · EU pctl 47
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€40,008
2025 · EU pctl 9
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,141M
2025 · EU pctl 58
Labour market
Employment, total persons
219,350
2024 · EU pctl 76
Self-employed persons
17,880
2024 · EU pctl 54
Employment in manufacturing (C)
49,250
2024 · EU pctl 87
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
75.3%
2025 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
16.8%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.0%
2025 · EU pctl 76
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
291,700
2025 · EU pctl 84
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
36,415
2023 · EU pctl 78
Enterprise births
3,502
2023 · EU pctl 77
Enterprise deaths
1,039
2023 · EU pctl 51
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.4%
2023 · EU pctl 93
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.7%
2023 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.3%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.4%
2023 · EU pctl 8 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
21.1%
2025 · EU pctl 7 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
20.9%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
11.5%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
15.4%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
4.3%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
93.2%
2025 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,100,196
2025 · EU pctl 55
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
400 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,818 kt
2025 · EU pctl 66
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,810
CURRENT · EU pctl 93
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
624
CURRENT · EU pctl 72
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
19 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
86
CURRENT · EU pctl 78
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
388,277
2025 · EU pctl 84
Population aged 65+
122,690
2025 · EU pctl 82
Population aged under 15
99,960
2025 · EU pctl 87
Median age of population
43.2 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 20
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.6%
2025 · EU pctl 20
Crude rate of total population change
-11.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-6.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 0
Crude birth rate
10.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 96
Crude death rate
14.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 85
Live births
6,151
2024 · EU pctl 90
Deaths
8,822
2024 · EU pctl 92
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.3%
2025 · EU pctl 36
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.75
2024 · EU pctl 97
Population density (persons per km²)
86 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 35
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
575,017
2100 · EU pctl 84
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
696 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,883 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
334 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 100 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.0 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 67
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
10.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 26
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
778 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
52 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 67 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.66
2022 · EU pctl 17
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.29
2022 · EU pctl 2
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.24
2022 · EU pctl 2
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.04
2022 · EU pctl 2
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.67
2022 · EU pctl 84
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.171/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 98
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 17
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
112 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 31
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
26 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 81
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
84 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 77
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 48
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
16
2024 · EU pctl 72
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
46
2024 · EU pctl 12
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
94.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 87
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
9.2%
2021 · EU pctl 85
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Hungary regions