NUTS-3 HU311 · Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén
Export region data (CSV)Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén generates €8.3bn of GDP across 610.9k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 35.6/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +4.8%/yr over five years and cooling, with the employment rate up 4.9pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for digital connectivity (46.5th EU percentile) and weakest for health (3th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
35.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth44.6
Livability22.8
Market access23
Economic scale52
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
24
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability13
Labour stability8
Diversification65
Demographic stability10
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
38.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density71
Airport access22
Market access23
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
17.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary3
Lifelong learning60
Knowledge workers4
Scientists & engineers3
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
22.8
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy5.5
Jobs26.5
Education11
Health3
Safety39.3
Connectivity46.5
Environment28
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
44.6
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.8%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+5.9%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-1.0 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-1.4 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
+4.9 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 29.3%Diversified · HHI 2164
Agriculture 3.7%Industry 29.3%Construction 6.9%Trade · transport · ICT 16%Finance · real estate · prof. 19.3%Public · health · education 24.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,134M
2024 · EU pctl 50
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€264M
2024 · EU pctl 69
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,088M
2024 · EU pctl 60
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,811M
2024 · EU pctl 63
GVA — construction (F)
€490M
2024 · EU pctl 53
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,140M
2024 · EU pctl 40
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€8,700
2023 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
19,100 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 7
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€13,500
2024 · EU pctl 7
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€3,870M
2023 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,489M
2023 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€6,296M
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€590M
2024 · EU pctl 36
GVA — information & communication (J)
€171M
2024 · EU pctl 52
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,379M
2024 · EU pctl 46
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,774M
2024 · EU pctl 56
Labour market
Employment, total persons
219,350
2024 · EU pctl 76
Self-employed persons
17,880
2024 · EU pctl 54
Employment in manufacturing (C)
49,250
2024 · EU pctl 87
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
75.3%
2025 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
16.8%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
36,415
2023 · EU pctl 78
Enterprise births
3,502
2023 · EU pctl 77
Enterprise deaths
1,039
2023 · EU pctl 51
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.4%
2023 · EU pctl 93
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
3
2012 · EU pctl 20
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
4 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 12
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.7%
2023 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.3%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
21.1%
2025 · EU pctl 7 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
20.9%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
11.5%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
15.4%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
4.3%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
93.2%
2025 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,100,196
2025 · EU pctl 55
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
400 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,818
CURRENT · EU pctl 92
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
625
CURRENT · EU pctl 71
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
86
CURRENT · EU pctl 78
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
388,277
2025 · EU pctl 84
Population aged 65+
122,690
2025 · EU pctl 82
Population aged under 15
99,960
2025 · EU pctl 87
Median age of population
43.2 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 20
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.6%
2025 · EU pctl 20
Crude rate of total population change
-11.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-6.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 0
Crude birth rate
10.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 96
Crude death rate
14.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 85
Live births
6,151
2024 · EU pctl 90
Deaths
8,822
2024 · EU pctl 92
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.3%
2025 · EU pctl 36
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.75
2024 · EU pctl 97
Population density (persons per km²)
86 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 35
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
30.5%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
75.1 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
692 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 88 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,883 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
334 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 100 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.0 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 67
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
10.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 26
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
778 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
52 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 67 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
112 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 31
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
26 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 81
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
84 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 77
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 48
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
16
2024 · EU pctl 72
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
46
2024 · EU pctl 12
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Hungary regions