NUTS-3 RO422 · Romania
Caraş-Severin
Caraş-Severin generates €3.7bn of GDP across 242.2k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 25.9/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic growth and livability. Its economy has grown +9.5%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 1.5pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (68.3th EU percentile) and weakest for health (3.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard8 → 8 EU percentile since 1995 (+1 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Cost advantage94
Digital readiness60
Energy cost52
Growth momentum46
Resilience40
Talent & skills34
Industrial base30
Quality of life28
Economic base21
Connectivity17
Labour market6
Demographic outlook5
Freight intensity4
Governance2
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
25.9
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth46.2
Livability28.3
Market access8
Economic scale21
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
39.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability22
Labour stability76
Diversification61
Demographic stability0
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
17
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density26
Airport access17
Market access8
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
33.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary1
Lifelong learning52
Knowledge workers24
Scientists & engineers58
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
28.3
/ 100 · EU-relative · 6/7 pillars
Economy13.5
Jobs22
Education19.5
Health3.5
Safety68.3
Connectivity43
Environment—
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
46.2
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+9.5%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+8.8%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.8 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.4 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-2.1%
CAGR
Employment rate
+1.5 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.5 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 33.4%Diversified · HHI 2184
Agriculture 5.3%Industry 14.6%Construction 7.6%Trade · transport · ICT 33.4%Finance · real estate · prof. 18.3%Public · health · education 20.8%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€3,655M2024
10.3% 1y 9.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 21
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€2,842M2025
0.3% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 19
Population
242,2322025
0.6% 1y 2.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 48
Unemployment rate
5.2%2025
57.6% 1y 2.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 63
Employment
70,9002024
1.7% 1y 0.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 29
Productivity / employee
€57,3942025
11.3% 1y 12.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 23
Gross value added
€3,312M2024
9.5% 1y 9.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 21
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€3,312M
2024 · EU pctl 21
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€174M
2024 · EU pctl 55
GVA — industry (B–E)
€483M
2024 · EU pctl 13
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€413M
2023 · EU pctl 17
GVA — construction (F)
€252M
2024 · EU pctl 27
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,107M
2024 · EU pctl 39
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€9,900
2023 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
24,900 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 21
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€15,000
2024 · EU pctl 10
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€5,950M
2023 · EU pctl 17 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€880M
2023 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€11,679M
2023 · EU pctl 17 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€407M
2024 · EU pctl 26
GVA — information & communication (J)
€19M
2024 · EU pctl 12
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€608M
2024 · EU pctl 19
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€688M
2024 · EU pctl 17
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€2,842M
2025 · EU pctl 19
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€57,394
2025 · EU pctl 23
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€785M
2025 · EU pctl 18
Labour market
Employment, total persons
70,900
2024 · EU pctl 29
Self-employed persons
9,580
2023 · EU pctl 34
Employment in manufacturing (C)
15,490
2023 · EU pctl 46
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
64.5%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
31.2%
2022 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.2%
2025 · EU pctl 63
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
96,900
2025 · EU pctl 40
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
8,670
2023 · EU pctl 35
Enterprise births
874
2023 · EU pctl 40
Enterprise deaths
561
2023 · EU pctl 30
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.4%
2023 · EU pctl 75
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.2%
2023 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
6.5%
2025 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.6%
2023 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
19.4%
2025 · EU pctl 5 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
17.3%
2025 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
10.3%
2025 · EU pctl 52 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
18.9%
2025 · EU pctl 24 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
9.1%
2025 · EU pctl 58 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.0%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
633,964
2025 · EU pctl 39
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
476 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
100
CURRENT · EU pctl 24
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
1,678 kt
2025 · EU pctl 10
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
8 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
41
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
94
CURRENT · EU pctl 83
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
151,098
2025 · EU pctl 48
Population aged 65+
59,186
2025 · EU pctl 50
Population aged under 15
31,948
2025 · EU pctl 48
Median age of population
47.7 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 65
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
39.2%
2025 · EU pctl 64
Crude rate of total population change
-6.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 14
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 28
Crude birth rate
6.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 21
Crude death rate
14.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 87
Live births
1,549
2024 · EU pctl 43
Deaths
3,546
2024 · EU pctl 59
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
60.3%
2025 · EU pctl 58
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.33
2024 · EU pctl 38
Population density (persons per km²)
29 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 7
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
122,507
2100 · EU pctl 26
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
805 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 96 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,939 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
249 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 78 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.0 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 0
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
6.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 13
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
154 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 36
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
163 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 9
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
68 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
2022 · EU pctl 2
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
2022 · EU pctl 6
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
2022 · EU pctl 12
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
2022 · EU pctl 4
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
2022 · EU pctl 75
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 48
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 39
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
1,297 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 98
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 0
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
146 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 95
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 80
Environment
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
61
2024 · EU pctl 80
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
20.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 38
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
11.8%
2021 · EU pctl 90
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Romania regions