NUTS-3 ES513 · Spain
Lleida
Lleida generates €15bn of GDP across 458.2k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 62.4/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +4.3%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 5.2pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (94.5th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (23th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Mid-field stable56 → 49 EU percentile since 1995 (-6 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Freight intensity97
Energy cost95
Digital readiness90
Air quality88
Talent & skills77
Quality of life66
Economic base66
Cost advantage66
Growth momentum63
Resilience54
Demographic outlook43
Industrial base39
Connectivity33
Labour market31
Governance31
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
62.4
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth63
Livability66.4
Market access46
Economic scale74
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
53.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability45
Labour stability6
Diversification73
Demographic stability91
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
32.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density38
Airport access14
Market access46
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
76.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary95
Lifelong learning79
Knowledge workers79
Scientists & engineers54
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
87.7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.55.2 µg/m³
PM1011.5 µg/m³
NO26.9 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
66.4
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy50
Jobs23
Education76
Health94.5
Safety68.3
Connectivity64
Environment88.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
63
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.3%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.4%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+2.0 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.2 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
+5.2 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-4.2 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 29.7%Diversified · HHI 2118
Agriculture 5%Industry 17.5%Construction 6.2%Trade · transport · ICT 29.7%Finance · real estate · prof. 21.4%Public · health · education 20.2%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€15,082M2023
9.4% 1y 4.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 74
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€14,311M2025
2.8% 1y 4.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 77
Population
458,2262025
1.4% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 75
Unemployment rate
8.4%2025
29.2% 1y 2.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 85
Employment
216,1002023
0.9% 1y 1.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 75
Productivity / employee
€75,0062025
3.0% 1y 5.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 34
Gross value added
€13,762M2023
9.4% 1y 4.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 75
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€13,762M
2023 · EU pctl 75
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€689M
2023 · EU pctl 93
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,409M
2023 · EU pctl 64
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,016M
2023 · EU pctl 67
GVA — construction (F)
€856M
2023 · EU pctl 75
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,094M
2023 · EU pctl 83
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€19,900
2023 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
37,700 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 66
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€33,600
2023 · EU pctl 46
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€57,689M
2023 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€9,484M
2023 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€147,909M
2024 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,940M
2023 · EU pctl 74
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,775M
2023 · EU pctl 72
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€14,311M
2025 · EU pctl 77
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€75,006
2025 · EU pctl 34
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,484M
2025 · EU pctl 75
Labour market
Employment, total persons
216,100
2023 · EU pctl 75
Self-employed persons
35,300
2023 · EU pctl 76
Employment in manufacturing (C)
27,500
2023 · EU pctl 69
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
77.4%
2025 · EU pctl 47 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
19.1%
2025 · EU pctl 68 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.4%
2025 · EU pctl 85
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
238,300
2025 · EU pctl 76
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
33,954
2023 · EU pctl 76
Enterprise births
2,573
2023 · EU pctl 70
Enterprise deaths
2,271
2023 · EU pctl 72
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
2023 · EU pctl 28
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.9%
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
6.6%
2025 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.5%
2023 · EU pctl 66 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
46.9%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
57.5%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
16.2%
2025 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
28.1%
2025 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
8.8%
2025 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
98.5%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,277,502
2024 · EU pctl 80
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
450 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,213 kt
2025 · EU pctl 96
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,272
CURRENT · EU pctl 64
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
278
CURRENT · EU pctl 38
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
46 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
103
CURRENT · EU pctl 86
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
CURRENT · EU pctl 0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
303,630
2025 · EU pctl 76
Population aged 65+
92,147
2025 · EU pctl 70
Population aged under 15
62,449
2025 · EU pctl 73
Median age of population
45.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 41
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
30.3%
2025 · EU pctl 15
Crude rate of total population change
14.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 96
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
16.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 95
Crude birth rate
7.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 34
Crude death rate
9.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 15
Live births
3,173
2024 · EU pctl 72
Deaths
4,221
2024 · EU pctl 68
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.9%
2025 · EU pctl 8
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.28
2024 · EU pctl 31
Population density (persons per km²)
38 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 11
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
386,600
2100 · EU pctl 74
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
360 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
806 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 5 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
208 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 49
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
104 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 95
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
461 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 86
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
375 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
32 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 23 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
2022 · EU pctl 33
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
2022 · EU pctl 33
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
2022 · EU pctl 32
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
2022 · EU pctl 32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
2022 · EU pctl 9
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 5
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 30
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
704 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 90
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
31 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 84
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
39 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 30
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 81
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
12
2024 · EU pctl 15
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
7
2024 · EU pctl 14
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
62
2024 · EU pctl 84
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
647 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 100
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
2.3%
2021 · EU pctl 42
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Spain regions