NUTS-3 ES213 · Spain
Bizkaia
Bizkaia generates €44bn of GDP across 1.2m residents. Its Opportunity Index of 63.2/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +4.4%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.8pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (98th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (22.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Long-run riser47 → 62 EU percentile since 1995 (+15 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Energy cost95
Talent & skills89
Digital readiness82
Economic base79
Quality of life66
Growth momentum58
Connectivity55
Cost advantage52
Air quality52
Freight intensity49
Resilience44
Industrial base43
Demographic outlook33
Governance31
Labour market23
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
63.2
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth58.2
Livability65.7
Market access35
Economic scale94
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
43.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability39
Labour stability23
Diversification56
Demographic stability57
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
54.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density32
Airport access97
Market access35
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
88.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary99
Lifelong learning86
Knowledge workers93
Scientists & engineers76
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
52
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.58 µg/m³
PM1014.5 µg/m³
NO213.4 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
65.7
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy63.5
Jobs22.5
Education85.5
Health98
Safety80.3
Connectivity57
Environment53
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
58.2
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+3.7%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.7 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.3 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.2%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.8 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-2.2 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 26.2%Diversified · HHI 2213
Agriculture 0.4%Industry 20.1%Construction 7.3%Trade · transport · ICT 25.4%Finance · real estate · prof. 26.2%Public · health · education 20.6%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€44,230M2023
7.9% 1y 4.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 94
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€41,341M2025
2.8% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 94
Population
1,167,2332025
0.7% 1y 0.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 95
Unemployment rate
7.3%2025
21.5% 1y 8.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 78
Employment
535,9002023
5.8% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 95
Productivity / employee
€87,8642025
3.0% 1y 5.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 61
Gross value added
€40,258M2023
8.0% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 94
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€40,258M
2023 · EU pctl 94
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€161M
2023 · EU pctl 53
GVA — industry (B–E)
€8,090M
2023 · EU pctl 94
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€6,288M
2023 · EU pctl 94
GVA — construction (F)
€2,948M
2023 · EU pctl 96
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€10,245M
2023 · EU pctl 95
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€24,200
2023 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
42,900 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 79
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€38,300
2023 · EU pctl 59
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€16,022M
2023 · EU pctl 57 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€3,378M
2023 · EU pctl 74 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€43,785M
2024 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€10,535M
2023 · EU pctl 94
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€8,279M
2023 · EU pctl 94
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€41,341M
2025 · EU pctl 94
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€87,864
2025 · EU pctl 61
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€9,266M
2025 · EU pctl 93
Labour market
Employment, total persons
535,900
2023 · EU pctl 95
Self-employed persons
63,400
2023 · EU pctl 91
Employment in manufacturing (C)
71,800
2023 · EU pctl 94
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
74.6%
2025 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
18.6%
2025 · EU pctl 67 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.3%
2025 · EU pctl 78
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
561,800
2025 · EU pctl 95
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
76,366
2023 · EU pctl 92
Enterprise births
5,884
2023 · EU pctl 88
Enterprise deaths
5,500
2023 · EU pctl 90
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.9%
2023 · EU pctl 63
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.4%
2023 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.7%
2025 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
2.2%
2023 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
58.2%
2025 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
68.6%
2025 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
19.8%
2025 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
32.5%
2025 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
10.6%
2025 · EU pctl 76 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.5%
2025 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
4,279,719
2024 · EU pctl 84
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
478 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 17 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,746 kt
2025 · EU pctl 96
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,339
CURRENT · EU pctl 85
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
70 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
200
CURRENT · EU pctl 32
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
8
CURRENT · EU pctl 3
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
743,901
2025 · EU pctl 95
Population aged 65+
287,881
2025 · EU pctl 97
Population aged under 15
135,451
2025 · EU pctl 93
Median age of population
48.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 75
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
38.7%
2025 · EU pctl 62
Crude rate of total population change
6.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 83
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
11.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 89
Crude birth rate
5.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Crude death rate
10.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 29
Live births
6,426
2024 · EU pctl 91
Deaths
12,045
2024 · EU pctl 96
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.9%
2025 · EU pctl 33
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.05
2024 · EU pctl 4
Population density (persons per km²)
528 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 83
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
937,163
2100 · EU pctl 94
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
327 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
779 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
216 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 24
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
124 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 97
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
296 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 66
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
512 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 32
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
21 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
2022 · EU pctl 33
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
2022 · EU pctl 33
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
2022 · EU pctl 32
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
2022 · EU pctl 32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
2022 · EU pctl 9
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 5
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 30
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
105 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 30
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
13 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 68
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
7 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 9
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
11 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 86
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
15
2024 · EU pctl 47
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
13
2024 · EU pctl 56
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
55
2024 · EU pctl 58
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
121 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 91
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
2.3%
2021 · EU pctl 42
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Spain regions