NUTS-3 NL226 · Netherlands
Arnhem/Nijmegen
Arnhem/Nijmegen generates €42bn of GDP across 769.3k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 80.3/100 places it in the top tier of EU regions, led by market access and economic scale. Its economy has grown +6.7%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.9pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for education (86th EU percentile) and weakest for safety (29.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Enduring leader83 → 84 EU percentile since 1995 (+1 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Digital readiness94
Labour market92
Governance91
Talent & skills90
Economic base86
Resilience76
Demographic outlook74
Growth momentum69
Connectivity68
Energy cost61
Quality of life61
Cost advantage38
Freight intensity37
Industrial base34
Air quality31
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
80.3
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth69.4
Livability60.7
Market access98
Economic scale93
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
76.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability70
Labour stability64
Diversification88
Demographic stability83
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
67.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density39
Airport access66
Market access98
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
89.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary89
Lifelong learning93
Knowledge workers87
Scientists & engineers90
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
30.7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.59.3 µg/m³
PM1016.9 µg/m³
NO217 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
60.7
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy74
Jobs84.5
Education86
Health52.5
Safety29.5
Connectivity66.5
Environment31.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
69.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+6.7%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+5.4%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.3 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.6 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.7%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.9 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-0.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 28.2%Diversified · HHI 1995
Agriculture 0.9%Industry 18%Construction 3.9%Trade · transport · ICT 17.8%Finance · real estate · prof. 23.3%Public · health · education 28.2%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€42,100M2024
8.9% 1y 6.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 93
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€34,827M2025
1.4% 1y 2.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 93
Population
769,3472025
0.7% 1y 0.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 90
Unemployment rate
3.3%2025
5.7% 1y 1.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 22
Employment
416,2002024
0.7% 1y 1.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 92
Productivity / employee
€105,7742025
4.7% 1y 6.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 87
Gross value added
€37,782M2024
8.7% 1y 6.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 93
All indicators · 85 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€37,782M
2024 · EU pctl 93
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€327M
2023 · EU pctl 76
GVA — industry (B–E)
€6,788M
2023 · EU pctl 92
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€5,064M
2023 · EU pctl 92
GVA — construction (F)
€1,457M
2023 · EU pctl 89
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€6,731M
2023 · EU pctl 90
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€26,500
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
47,100 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 86
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€54,900
2024 · EU pctl 88
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€23,257M
2023 · EU pctl 72 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,035M
2023 · EU pctl 47 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€50,437M
2023 · EU pctl 71 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,946M
2023 · EU pctl 83
GVA — information & communication (J)
€911M
2023 · EU pctl 83
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€8,820M
2023 · EU pctl 92
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€10,645M
2023 · EU pctl 95
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€34,827M
2025 · EU pctl 93
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€105,774
2025 · EU pctl 87
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€9,314M
2025 · EU pctl 93
Labour market
Employment, total persons
416,200
2024 · EU pctl 92
Self-employed persons
67,600
2023 · EU pctl 93
Employment in manufacturing (C)
26,100
2023 · EU pctl 66
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
86.2%
2025 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
7.6%
2025 · EU pctl 23 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.3%
2025 · EU pctl 22
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
451,000
2025 · EU pctl 93
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
93,689
2023 · EU pctl 95
Enterprise births
8,886
2023 · EU pctl 94
Enterprise deaths
4,696
2023 · EU pctl 87
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.8%
2023 · EU pctl 97
Innovation & R&D
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.7%
2025 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
44.1%
2025 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
53.8%
2025 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
25.7%
2025 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
30.0%
2025 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
12.8%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
99.2%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,497,371
2024 · EU pctl 74
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
523 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
18,063 kt
2025 · EU pctl 85
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,207
CURRENT · EU pctl 83
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
287
CURRENT · EU pctl 39
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
81 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
40
CURRENT · EU pctl 34
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
4
CURRENT · EU pctl 90
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
499,838
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged 65+
162,042
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged under 15
107,467
2025 · EU pctl 89
Median age of population
42.9 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 18
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.4%
2025 · EU pctl 24
Crude rate of total population change
6.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 83
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
8.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 77
Crude birth rate
8.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 70
Crude death rate
9.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 20
Live births
6,514
2024 · EU pctl 91
Deaths
7,520
2024 · EU pctl 89
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
53.9%
2025 · EU pctl 16
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.31
2024 · EU pctl 35
Population density (persons per km²)
844 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 88
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
748,922
2100 · EU pctl 90
Health
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,014 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 47 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
249 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 78 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
26.7 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 58
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
166 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 40
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,434 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 80
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
50 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.77
2022 · EU pctl 57
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.72
2022 · EU pctl 93
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.73
2022 · EU pctl 91
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.92
2022 · EU pctl 91
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.63
2022 · EU pctl 82
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.142/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 39
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.039/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 0
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
11 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 6
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
5 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 30
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
31 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 22
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 33
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
17
2024 · EU pctl 66
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
17
2024 · EU pctl 76
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
49
2024 · EU pctl 23
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
123 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 91
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
44.4%
2021 · EU pctl 99
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Netherlands regions