NUTS-3 NL361 · Netherlands
Agglomeratie ’s-Gravenhage
Export region data (CSV)Agglomeratie ’s-Gravenhage generates €56bn of GDP across 923.5k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 79.6/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by market access and economic scale. Its economy has grown +6.4%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.0pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for education (90th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (33th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
79.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth60.8
Livability65.6
Market access96
Economic scale96
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
67.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability73
Labour stability98
Diversification11
Demographic stability89
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
73
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density30
Airport access93
Market access96
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
93.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary92
Lifelong learning95
Knowledge workers93
Scientists & engineers93
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
31.7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.58.5 µg/m³
PM1016.9 µg/m³
NO220.3 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
65.6
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy76.5
Jobs59.5
Education90
Health54
Safety84
Connectivity62
Environment33
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
60.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+6.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+4.8%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.6 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.3 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.0 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.4 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 37.4%Moderately concentrated · HHI 2685
Agriculture 0.5%Industry 2.8%Construction 2.6%Trade · transport · ICT 17.1%Finance · real estate · prof. 31.3%Public · health · education 37.4%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 63 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€49,947M
2024 · EU pctl 96
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€272M
2023 · EU pctl 70
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,398M
2023 · EU pctl 45
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€955M
2023 · EU pctl 40
GVA — construction (F)
€1,297M
2023 · EU pctl 86
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€8,535M
2023 · EU pctl 93
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€26,500
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
51,900 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 91
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€60,500
2024 · EU pctl 92
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€47,953M
2023 · EU pctl 91 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€3,533M
2023 · EU pctl 76 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€103,312M
2023 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€3,955M
2023 · EU pctl 89
GVA — information & communication (J)
€2,829M
2023 · EU pctl 91
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€15,639M
2023 · EU pctl 96
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€18,675M
2023 · EU pctl 98
Labour market
Employment, total persons
516,000
2024 · EU pctl 94
Self-employed persons
97,900
2023 · EU pctl 96
Employment in manufacturing (C)
9,000
2023 · EU pctl 25
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
84.3%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
11.4%
2025 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
134,746
2023 · EU pctl 97
Enterprise births
15,487
2023 · EU pctl 97
Enterprise deaths
7,287
2023 · EU pctl 93
3-year enterprise survival rate
7.7%
2023 · EU pctl 100
Innovation & R&D
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
5.4%
2025 · EU pctl 72 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
47.3%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
56.7%
2025 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
26.5%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
33.0%
2025 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
13.2%
2025 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
99.2%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
4,576,627
2024 · EU pctl 85
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
440 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,474
CURRENT · EU pctl 69
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
160
CURRENT · EU pctl 30
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
13
CURRENT · EU pctl 6
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
CURRENT · EU pctl 75
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
613,952
2025 · EU pctl 93
Population aged 65+
163,136
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged under 15
146,405
2025 · EU pctl 94
Median age of population
40.5 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 5
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
26.6%
2025 · EU pctl 5
Crude rate of total population change
6.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 81
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 54
Crude birth rate
9.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 93
Crude death rate
8.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Live births
8,846
2024 · EU pctl 94
Deaths
7,731
2024 · EU pctl 90
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.4%
2025 · EU pctl 7
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.37
2024 · EU pctl 45
Population density (persons per km²)
3,554 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 98
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
17.2%
2025 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
82.0 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
239 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 63 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
28 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
-2 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 0
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 21
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 15
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 26
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
17
2024 · EU pctl 66
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
20
2024 · EU pctl 88
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
52
2024 · EU pctl 39
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Netherlands regions