NUTS-3 ITH42 · Italy
Udine
Udine generates €20bn of GDP across 516.3k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 51.2/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +3.6%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 2.8pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (83.5th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (23th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Long-run faller82 → 61 EU percentile since 1995 (-20 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Industrial base72
Economic base71
Digital readiness67
Cost advantage53
Resilience51
Demographic outlook50
Freight intensity48
Energy cost46
Quality of life45
Connectivity39
Growth momentum36
Talent & skills30
Labour market23
Air quality22
Governance20
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
51.2
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth35.6
Livability45.1
Market access44
Economic scale80
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
50.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability57
Labour stability64
Diversification56
Demographic stability25
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
38.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density5
Airport access67
Market access44
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
29.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary31
Lifelong learning69
Knowledge workers16
Scientists & engineers2
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
22.3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.516.1 µg/m³
PM1019.5 µg/m³
NO213.7 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
45.1
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy59
Jobs35.5
Education34.5
Health83.5
Safety44.3
Connectivity36
Environment23
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
35.6
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.6%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.5%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.0 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.1 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.4%
CAGR
Employment rate
+2.8 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-1.0 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 26.4%Diversified · HHI 2212
Agriculture 1.4%Industry 24.9%Construction 5.8%Trade · transport · ICT 20.5%Finance · real estate · prof. 26.4%Public · health · education 20.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€19,508M2023
5.2% 1y 3.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 80
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€17,719M2025
0.6% 1y 2.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 81
Population
516,3232025
0.2% 1y 0.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 78
Unemployment rate
4.6%2025
4.2% 1y 7.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 53
Employment
240,8002023
1.1% 1y 0.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 79
Productivity / employee
€83,3682025
1.4% 1y 4.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 48
Gross value added
€17,525M2023
5.2% 1y 3.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 80
All indicators · 88 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€17,525M
2023 · EU pctl 80
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€246M
2023 · EU pctl 66
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,371M
2023 · EU pctl 84
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,025M
2023 · EU pctl 87
GVA — construction (F)
€1,024M
2023 · EU pctl 80
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,589M
2023 · EU pctl 79
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€23,800
2024 · EU pctl 47 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
39,100 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 71
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€37,700
2023 · EU pctl 58
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€10,531M
2023 · EU pctl 37 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,200M
2023 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€18,713M
2023 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,067M
2023 · EU pctl 76
GVA — information & communication (J)
€252M
2023 · EU pctl 61
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€4,626M
2023 · EU pctl 82
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,667M
2023 · EU pctl 79
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€17,719M
2025 · EU pctl 81
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€83,368
2025 · EU pctl 48
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€4,630M
2025 · EU pctl 82
Labour market
Employment, total persons
240,800
2023 · EU pctl 79
Self-employed persons
53,600
2023 · EU pctl 89
Employment in manufacturing (C)
45,500
2023 · EU pctl 85
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
72.8%
2025 · EU pctl 21 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
12.9%
2025 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.6%
2025 · EU pctl 53
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
238,100
2025 · EU pctl 76
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
39,420
2023 · EU pctl 80
Enterprise births
2,553
2023 · EU pctl 70
Enterprise deaths
2,297
2023 · EU pctl 72
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.5%
2023 · EU pctl 22
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.7%
2023 · EU pctl 55 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.9%
2025 · EU pctl 42 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.6%
2023 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
24.1%
2025 · EU pctl 14 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
35.2%
2025 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
13.7%
2025 · EU pctl 69 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
18.1%
2025 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
4.1%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.3%
2025 · EU pctl 67 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
6,135,131
2025 · EU pctl 90
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
695 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
6
CURRENT · EU pctl 7
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
14,246 kt
2025 · EU pctl 76
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 5
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
35 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 74 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
39
CURRENT · EU pctl 33
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
CURRENT · EU pctl 75
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
316,550
2025 · EU pctl 77
Population aged 65+
145,679
2025 · EU pctl 88
Population aged under 15
54,094
2025 · EU pctl 69
Median age of population
52.0 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 94
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
46.0%
2025 · EU pctl 87
Crude rate of total population change
-1.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 33
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 53
Crude birth rate
5.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Crude death rate
12.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 59
Live births
2,851
2024 · EU pctl 69
Deaths
6,303
2024 · EU pctl 83
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
63.1%
2025 · EU pctl 74
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.16
2024 · EU pctl 16
Population density (persons per km²)
109 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 44
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
415,885
2100 · EU pctl 76
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
312 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 23 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
899 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
216 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 32
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
19.9 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 47
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
895 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 56
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
61 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
2022 · EU pctl 20
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
2022 · EU pctl 14
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 20
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 15
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
2022 · EU pctl 25
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 54
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 19
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
153 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 40
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
18 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 75
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
54 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 46
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
28 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 99
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
20
2024 · EU pctl 79
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
14
2024 · EU pctl 58
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
56
2024 · EU pctl 62
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
130 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 92
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
10.0%
2021 · EU pctl 87
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Italy regions