NUTS-3 ITH42 · Italy
Population
516,3232025
GDP
€19,508M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
4.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
74.7%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
4,888.9 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITH42 · ES413
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Udine (Opportunity 51). Runner-up: León (47). Contrarian pick: León — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
#1Udine
Strengths
Industrial base (72) · Economic base (71)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 20 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
#2León
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Freight intensity (83)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Udine
Long-run slide: down 20 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 20) — León may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Udine · Manufacturing → León · Office → Udine · Residential → Udine.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
51.2
47.3
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
50.5
38.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
45.1
51.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
22.3
53.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
38.7
15.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
29.5
60.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
35.6
53.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.6% 5y
3.8% 5y
Population
0.4% 5y
0.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
7.8% 5y
8.9% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€37,783
€27,216
Population density
106 /km²
29 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€17,525M
€11,127M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€246M
€530M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,371M
€1,820M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,025M
€1,163M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,024M
€694M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,589M
€2,776M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,800
€18,500
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
39,100 PPS
30,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€37,700
€27,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€10,531M
€13,527M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,200M
€2,707M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€18,713M
€32,274M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,067M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€252M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€4,626M
€2,462M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,667M
€2,846M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€17,719M
€11,193M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€83,368
€73,607
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€4,630M
€2,677M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
240,800
178,200
Self-employed persons
53,600
30,900
Employment in manufacturing (C)
45,500
17,800
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.8%
75.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
12.9%
24.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.6%
8.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
238,100
210,300
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
39,420
29,732
Enterprise births
2,553
1,992
Enterprise deaths
2,297
2,036
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.5%
3.5%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.7%
1.4%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.9%
3.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.6%
1.1%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
24.1%
42.1%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
35.2%
52.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
13.7%
15.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.1%
22.8%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
4.1%
7.3%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.3%
96.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
6,135,131
2,002,862
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
695 /1k
601 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
14,246 kt
21,025 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
6
56
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
35 km/1000km²
26 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
1
13
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
39
103
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
316,550
272,544
Population aged 65+
145,679
131,756
Population aged under 15
54,094
43,730
Median age of population
52.0 yrs
52.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
46.0%
48.3%
Crude rate of total population change
-1.6 /1k
0.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.1 /1k
9.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
5.5 /1k
4.5 /1k
Crude death rate
12.2 /1k
13.6 /1k
Live births
2,851
1,999
Deaths
6,303
6,087
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
63.1%
64.4%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.16
0.94
Population density (persons per km²)
109 /km²
29 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
415,885
233,601
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
11.6%
24.1%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.2 yrs
84.8 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
9.1%
19.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
312 /100k
343 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
899 /100k
749 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
216 /100k
212 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
0.5 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
19.9 /100k
36.4 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
210 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
895 /100k
190 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
61 /M
68 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.16
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.106/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
153 m
1,039 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
18 days/yr
16 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
54 days/yr
63 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
28 days/yr
4 days/yr