NUTS-3 FI1D8 · Finland
Kainuu
Export region data (CSV)Kainuu generates €2.7bn of GDP across 69.6k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 21.5/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by livability and economic growth. Its economy has grown +2.9%/yr over five years, with the employment rate up 1.7pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for digital connectivity (86th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (18th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
21.5
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth21.4
Livability50.7
Market access2
Economic scale12
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
47.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability21
Labour stability66
Diversification89
Demographic stability13
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
32.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density93
Airport access3
Market access2
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
63
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary30
Lifelong learning94
Knowledge workers72
Scientists & engineers56
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
50.7
/ 100 · EU-relative · 6/7 pillars
Economy42
Jobs18
Education74.5
Health54.5
Safety29
Connectivity86
Environment—
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
21.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+2.9%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+3.1%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-0.2 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.1 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.8%
CAGR
Employment rate
+1.7 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.2 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 26.9%Diversified · HHI 1980
Agriculture 8.2%Industry 21.4%Construction 8.1%Trade · transport · ICT 13.3%Finance · real estate · prof. 22%Public · health · education 26.9%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 67 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€2,399M
2024 · EU pctl 12
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€196M
2024 · EU pctl 59
GVA — industry (B–E)
€513M
2024 · EU pctl 14
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€261M
2024 · EU pctl 11
GVA — construction (F)
€194M
2024 · EU pctl 19
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€319M
2024 · EU pctl 6
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€21,800
2023 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,600 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 48
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€39,200
2024 · EU pctl 62
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€13,860M
2023 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€3,205M
2023 · EU pctl 68 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€24,815M
2023 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€343M
2024 · EU pctl 23
GVA — information & communication (J)
€46M
2024 · EU pctl 29
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€529M
2024 · EU pctl 16
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€646M
2024 · EU pctl 15
Labour market
Employment, total persons
33,410
2024 · EU pctl 6
Self-employed persons
3,170
2024 · EU pctl 4
Employment in manufacturing (C)
2,400
2024 · EU pctl 4
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
77.6%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
20.9%
2025 · EU pctl 74 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
4,129
2023 · EU pctl 14
Enterprise births
350
2023 · EU pctl 16
Enterprise deaths
388
2023 · EU pctl 20
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.5%
2023 · EU pctl 54
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.8%
2023 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.8%
2025 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
39.2%
2025 · EU pctl 69 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
34.5%
2025 · EU pctl 30 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
26.4%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
26.7%
2025 · EU pctl 72 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
8.9%
2025 · EU pctl 56 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.4%
2025 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
637,043
2025 · EU pctl 39
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
727 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
732
CURRENT · EU pctl 44
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
1,051
CURRENT · EU pctl 93
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
163
CURRENT · EU pctl 97
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
CURRENT · EU pctl 0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
39,012
2025 · EU pctl 6
Population aged 65+
21,766
2025 · EU pctl 11
Population aged under 15
8,861
2025 · EU pctl 6
Median age of population
51.0 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 90
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
55.8%
2025 · EU pctl 98
Crude rate of total population change
-7.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 10
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
1.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Crude birth rate
5.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 4
Crude death rate
14.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 84
Live births
364
2024 · EU pctl 3
Deaths
1,000
2024 · EU pctl 9
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
78.5%
2025 · EU pctl 99
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.22
2024 · EU pctl 23
Population density (persons per km²)
3 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 0
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
17.9%
2025 · EU pctl 37 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
81.7 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
337 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
976 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
197 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 7 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
2.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 97
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
29.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 63
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
110 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,555 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 83
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
38 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
211 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 50
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 0
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
192 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 98
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 33
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Finland regions