NUTS-3 ES425 · Spain
Toledo
Export region data (CSV)Toledo generates €17bn of GDP across 755.1k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 61.2/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic growth and economic scale. Its economy has grown +5.4%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 7.0pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (89th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (8th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
61.2
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth79.8
Livability43
Market access44
Economic scale78
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
56.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability38
Labour stability5
Diversification87
Demographic stability97
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
28
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density21
Airport access19
Market access44
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
45.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary75
Lifelong learning71
Knowledge workers21
Scientists & engineers14
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
43
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.58 µg/m³
PM1021.3 µg/m³
NO212 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
43
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy25.5
Jobs8
Education27.5
Health89
Safety63.7
Connectivity43.5
Environment43.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
79.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+5.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+4.1%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.3 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+1.3 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+1.4%
CAGR
Employment rate
+7.0 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-4.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 24.5%Diversified · HHI 2012
Agriculture 5.1%Industry 23.8%Construction 7.6%Trade · transport · ICT 20%Finance · real estate · prof. 19.1%Public · health · education 24.5%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€15,518M
2023 · EU pctl 78
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€793M
2023 · EU pctl 95
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,686M
2023 · EU pctl 79
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,798M
2023 · EU pctl 78
GVA — construction (F)
€1,172M
2023 · EU pctl 84
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,102M
2023 · EU pctl 77
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€15,800
2023 · EU pctl 26 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
26,000 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 25
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€23,200
2023 · EU pctl 24
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€9,963M
2023 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,892M
2023 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€23,774M
2024 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,956M
2023 · EU pctl 74
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,809M
2023 · EU pctl 80
Labour market
Employment, total persons
259,700
2023 · EU pctl 82
Self-employed persons
47,600
2023 · EU pctl 85
Employment in manufacturing (C)
40,300
2023 · EU pctl 81
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
74.4%
2025 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
27.6%
2025 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
47,358
2023 · EU pctl 85
Enterprise births
4,081
2023 · EU pctl 81
Enterprise deaths
3,754
2023 · EU pctl 82
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.0%
2023 · EU pctl 38
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
6
2012 · EU pctl 30
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
9 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 18
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.6%
2023 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.7%
2025 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
33.3%
2025 · EU pctl 45 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
47.4%
2025 · EU pctl 75 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
14.0%
2025 · EU pctl 71 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
18.8%
2025 · EU pctl 21 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
5.6%
2025 · EU pctl 14 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.3%
2025 · EU pctl 66 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,970,951
2024 · EU pctl 69
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
599 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 51 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
121
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
16
CURRENT · EU pctl 21
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
90
CURRENT · EU pctl 81
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
501,777
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged 65+
141,782
2025 · EU pctl 87
Population aged under 15
111,522
2025 · EU pctl 90
Median age of population
44.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 29
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
28.3%
2025 · EU pctl 9
Crude rate of total population change
15.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 97
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
17.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 96
Crude birth rate
7.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 33
Crude death rate
8.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 6
Live births
5,256
2024 · EU pctl 86
Deaths
6,134
2024 · EU pctl 82
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.5%
2025 · EU pctl 7
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.23
2024 · EU pctl 24
Population density (persons per km²)
49 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 16
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
34.0%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
83.9 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
241 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
837 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
206 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 32
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
51.8 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 83
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
453 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 85
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
247 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
50 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
639 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 88
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
76 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 97
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
16 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 12
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 17
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
21
2024 · EU pctl 84
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
12
2024 · EU pctl 47
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
66
2024 · EU pctl 91
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Spain regions