NUTS-3 ES112 · Spain
Lugo
Export region data (CSV)Lugo generates €9.4bn of GDP across 326k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 46.1/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +3.9%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 5.7pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (94th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (15th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
46.1
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth54
Livability55.5
Market access18
Economic scale57
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
44.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability37
Labour stability8
Diversification94
Demographic stability40
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
19.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density15
Airport access26
Market access18
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
61.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary88
Lifelong learning71
Knowledge workers62
Scientists & engineers25
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
79.3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.56.8 µg/m³
PM1013.2 µg/m³
NO25.8 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
55.5
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy39
Jobs15
Education60.5
Health94
Safety57.7
Connectivity42.5
Environment80
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
54
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.9%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+3.1%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.8 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.2 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.1%
CAGR
Employment rate
+5.7 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-3.6 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 25.6%Diversified · HHI 1893
Agriculture 13.6%Industry 15.7%Construction 6%Trade · transport · ICT 25.6%Finance · real estate · prof. 18.1%Public · health · education 21.1%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,584M
2023 · EU pctl 57
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€1,167M
2023 · EU pctl 99
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,348M
2023 · EU pctl 43
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€751M
2023 · EU pctl 32
GVA — construction (F)
€511M
2023 · EU pctl 55
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,196M
2023 · EU pctl 66
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€17,800
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,500 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 47
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€29,000
2023 · EU pctl 35
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€13,447M
2023 · EU pctl 46 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,235M
2023 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€35,979M
2024 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,555M
2023 · EU pctl 51
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,808M
2023 · EU pctl 57
Labour market
Employment, total persons
138,700
2023 · EU pctl 59
Self-employed persons
34,700
2023 · EU pctl 75
Employment in manufacturing (C)
12,800
2023 · EU pctl 39
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
73.7%
2025 · EU pctl 27 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
24.7%
2025 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
23,681
2023 · EU pctl 66
Enterprise births
1,480
2023 · EU pctl 54
Enterprise deaths
1,505
2023 · EU pctl 61
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.6%
2023 · EU pctl 24
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
1
2012 · EU pctl 12
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
4 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 10
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.2%
2023 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.4%
2025 · EU pctl 27 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
43.4%
2025 · EU pctl 83 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
53.3%
2025 · EU pctl 88 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
14.7%
2025 · EU pctl 71 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
25.2%
2025 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.0%
2025 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.5%
2025 · EU pctl 70 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,887,944
2024 · EU pctl 68
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
611 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 58 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
26
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
8
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
81
CURRENT · EU pctl 74
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
195,203
2025 · EU pctl 60
Population aged 65+
98,621
2025 · EU pctl 74
Population aged under 15
32,198
2025 · EU pctl 48
Median age of population
52.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 95
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
50.5%
2025 · EU pctl 95
Crude rate of total population change
3.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 64
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
13.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 92
Crude birth rate
4.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Crude death rate
15.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 90
Live births
1,610
2024 · EU pctl 44
Deaths
4,913
2024 · EU pctl 74
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
67.0%
2025 · EU pctl 85
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.03
2024 · EU pctl 4
Population density (persons per km²)
33 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 9
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
22.1%
2025 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
84.2 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
319 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
785 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
215 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 64
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
13.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 32
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
185 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 44
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
130 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 5
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
48 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 58 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
665 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 89
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 18
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
20 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 14
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
14 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 90
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
13
2024 · EU pctl 32
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
6
2024 · EU pctl 10
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
49
2024 · EU pctl 24
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Spain regions