NUTS-3 ES112 · Spain
Population
326,0222025
GDP
€9,407M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.4%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
72.5%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
9,869 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES112 · FRK11
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Lugo (Opportunity 46). Runner-up: Allier (43). Contrarian pick: Allier — leads the set on Air quality (EU pctl 82).
#1Lugo
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Freight intensity (94)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Lugo
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Demographic outlook (EU pctl 11) — Allier may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Lugo · Manufacturing → Allier · Office → Lugo · Residential → Allier.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
46.1
43.2
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
44.5
57.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
55.5
55.2
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
79.3
82.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
19.3
51.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
61.5
64.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
53.8
25.4
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.6% 5y
1.8% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.3% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.6% 5y
3.1% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€28,852
€31,225
Population density
33 /km²
45 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
2,226
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
215
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,584M
€9,229M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€1,167M
€204M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,348M
€1,738M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€751M
€1,421M
GVA — construction (F)
€511M
€557M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,196M
€1,537M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€17,800
€23,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,500 PPS
28,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€29,000
€31,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€13,447M
€10,591M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,235M
€1,415M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€35,979M
€23,857M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€1,690M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€74M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,555M
€2,418M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,808M
€2,775M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,692M
€9,200M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€72,609
€82,280
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,852M
€2,356M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
138,700
128,100
Self-employed persons
34,700
17,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
12,800
17,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
73.7%
77.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.7%
19.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.4%
6.4%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
147,100
145,200
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
23,681
20,144
Enterprise births
1,480
2,446
Enterprise deaths
1,505
1,887
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.6%
5.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
2.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.4%
3.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.1%
1.3%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
43.4%
40.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
53.3%
46.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
14.7%
15.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
25.2%
26.3%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.0%
7.9%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.5%
93.9%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,887,944
1,177,714
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
611 /1k
—
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
26
2,503
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
19,877 kt
11,705 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
40 km/1000km²
19 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
8
756
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
81
64
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
195,203
186,111
Population aged 65+
98,621
97,698
Population aged under 15
32,198
47,400
Median age of population
52.3 yrs
50.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
50.5%
52.5%
Crude rate of total population change
3.0 /1k
-3.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
13.1 /1k
3.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
4.9 /1k
7.5 /1k
Crude death rate
15.1 /1k
13.5 /1k
Live births
1,610
2,498
Deaths
4,913
4,494
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
67.0%
78.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.03
1.64
Population density (persons per km²)
33 /km²
45 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
199,442
264,479
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
22.1%
22.4%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.2 yrs
82.7 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
16.0%
17.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
317 /100k
660 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
785 /100k
871 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
215 /100k
230 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
13.2 /100k
21.1 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
185 /100k
402 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
130 /100k
1,188 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
48 /M
64 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.02
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.107/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.053/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
665 m
403 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
3 days/yr
17 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
20 days/yr
41 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
14 days/yr
2 days/yr