NUTS-3 SE332 · Sweden
Norrbottens län
Export region data (CSV)Norrbottens län generates €13bn of GDP across 248.6k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 36.3/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +1.4%/yr over five years and cooling, with the employment rate up 0.4pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for education (83th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (38.5th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
36.3
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth12
Livability57.1
Market access5
Economic scale71
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
43.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability1
Labour stability64
Diversification73
Demographic stability37
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
14
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density16
Airport access21
Market access5
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
85.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary66
Lifelong learning98
Knowledge workers87
Scientists & engineers90
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
38.5
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.5—
PM1021.4 µg/m³
NO210.7 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
57.1
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy61.5
Jobs48.5
Education83
Health68
Safety48.5
Connectivity51.5
Environment38.5
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
12
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+1.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+1.8%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-0.4 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-1.8 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.1%
CAGR
Employment rate
+0.4 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 27.6%Diversified · HHI 2119
Agriculture 2%Industry 27.6%Construction 10.6%Trade · transport · ICT 17%Finance · real estate · prof. 17.2%Public · health · education 25.6%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 71 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€12,077M
2024 · EU pctl 71
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€241M
2024 · EU pctl 65
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,332M
2024 · EU pctl 76
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€902M
2024 · EU pctl 38
GVA — construction (F)
€1,283M
2024 · EU pctl 86
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,051M
2024 · EU pctl 63
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€22,600
2023 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
45,600 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 84
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€53,900
2024 · EU pctl 87
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€8,790M
2023 · EU pctl 30 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,262M
2023 · EU pctl 50 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€12,254M
2023 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€710M
2024 · EU pctl 42
GVA — information & communication (J)
€320M
2024 · EU pctl 66
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,074M
2024 · EU pctl 62
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,098M
2024 · EU pctl 75
Labour market
Employment, total persons
128,160
2024 · EU pctl 54
Self-employed persons
5,300
2024 · EU pctl 14
Employment in manufacturing (C)
10,600
2024 · EU pctl 31
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
83.6%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
23.2%
2025 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
17,898
2023 · EU pctl 57
Enterprise births
1,387
2023 · EU pctl 53
Enterprise deaths
1,001
2023 · EU pctl 50
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.8%
2023 · EU pctl 61
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
28
2012 · EU pctl 64
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
114 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 56
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.3%
2023 · EU pctl 72 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.7%
2025 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
48.3%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
44.4%
2025 · EU pctl 66 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
35.0%
2025 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
30.2%
2025 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
12.1%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.9%
2025 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,912,017
2024 · EU pctl 76
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
536 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
22
CURRENT · EU pctl 13
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
9
CURRENT · EU pctl 16
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
86
CURRENT · EU pctl 78
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
148,541
2025 · EU pctl 48
Population aged 65+
62,919
2025 · EU pctl 53
Population aged under 15
37,160
2025 · EU pctl 52
Median age of population
44.9 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 36
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
42.4%
2025 · EU pctl 77
Crude rate of total population change
0.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 49
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 45
Crude birth rate
7.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 53
Crude death rate
11.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 50
Live births
1,962
2024 · EU pctl 52
Deaths
2,872
2024 · EU pctl 48
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
67.4%
2025 · EU pctl 86
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.43
2024 · EU pctl 56
Population density (persons per km²)
3 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 0
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
15.5%
2025 · EU pctl 20 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
82.7 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 70 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
198 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
949 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
202 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
15.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
326 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 71
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,598 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 84
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
30 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
534 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 83
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 0
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
224 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 99
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 41
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
21
2024 · EU pctl 84
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
11
2024 · EU pctl 39
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
69
2024 · EU pctl 93
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Sweden regions