NUTS-3 SE332 · Sweden
Norrbottens län
Norrbottens län generates €13bn of GDP across 248.6k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 36.2/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +1.4%/yr over five years and cooling, with the employment rate up 0.4pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for education (83th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (38.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Long-run riser71 → 88 EU percentile since 1995 (+17 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Freight intensity98
Energy cost97
Governance93
Digital readiness87
Talent & skills85
Economic base84
Labour market75
Cost advantage61
Quality of life57
Demographic outlook52
Resilience44
Air quality39
Connectivity14
Industrial base13
Growth momentum12
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
36.2
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth11.8
Livability57
Market access5
Economic scale71
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
43.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability1
Labour stability64
Diversification73
Demographic stability37
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
14
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density15
Airport access22
Market access5
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
85.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary66
Lifelong learning98
Knowledge workers87
Scientists & engineers90
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
38.5
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.5—
PM1021.4 µg/m³
NO210.7 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
57
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy61.5
Jobs48.5
Education83
Health68
Safety48.5
Connectivity51
Environment38.5
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
11.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+1.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+1.8%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
-0.4 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-1.8 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.1%
CAGR
Employment rate
+0.4 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 27.6%Diversified · HHI 2119
Agriculture 2%Industry 27.6%Construction 10.6%Trade · transport · ICT 17%Finance · real estate · prof. 17.2%Public · health · education 25.6%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€13,486M2024
1.6% 1y 1.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 71
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€12,002M2025
1.6% 1y 0.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 72
Population
248,6202025
0.1% 1y 0.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 49
Unemployment rate
7.2%2025
60.0% 1y 4.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 78
Employment
128,1602024
0.1% 1y 0.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 54
Productivity / employee
€111,9442025
6.3% 1y 2.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 90
Gross value added
€12,077M2024
1.3% 1y 1.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 71
Dwelling price
1,411 kSEK2025
3.0% 1y 3.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 40
All indicators · 89 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€12,077M
2024 · EU pctl 71
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€241M
2024 · EU pctl 65
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,332M
2024 · EU pctl 76
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€902M
2024 · EU pctl 38
GVA — construction (F)
€1,283M
2024 · EU pctl 86
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,051M
2024 · EU pctl 63
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€22,600
2023 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
45,600 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 84
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€53,900
2024 · EU pctl 87
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€8,790M
2023 · EU pctl 30 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,262M
2023 · EU pctl 50 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€12,254M
2023 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€710M
2024 · EU pctl 42
GVA — information & communication (J)
€320M
2024 · EU pctl 66
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,074M
2024 · EU pctl 62
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,098M
2024 · EU pctl 75
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€12,002M
2025 · EU pctl 72
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€111,944
2025 · EU pctl 90
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€4,813M
2025 · EU pctl 82
Labour market
Employment, total persons
128,160
2024 · EU pctl 54
Self-employed persons
5,300
2024 · EU pctl 14
Employment in manufacturing (C)
10,600
2024 · EU pctl 31
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
83.6%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
23.2%
2025 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.2%
2025 · EU pctl 78
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
129,200
2025 · EU pctl 51
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
17,898
2023 · EU pctl 57
Enterprise births
1,387
2023 · EU pctl 53
Enterprise deaths
1,001
2023 · EU pctl 50
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.8%
2023 · EU pctl 61
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.3%
2023 · EU pctl 72 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
4.7%
2025 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.4%
2023 · EU pctl 66 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
48.3%
2025 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
44.4%
2025 · EU pctl 66 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
35.0%
2025 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
30.2%
2025 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
12.1%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.9%
2025 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,879,860
2025 · EU pctl 76
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
536 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
20,655 kt
2025 · EU pctl 88
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
22
CURRENT · EU pctl 13
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
0 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 5 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
9
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
86
CURRENT · EU pctl 78
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
148,541
2025 · EU pctl 48
Population aged 65+
62,919
2025 · EU pctl 53
Population aged under 15
37,160
2025 · EU pctl 52
Median age of population
44.9 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 36
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
42.4%
2025 · EU pctl 77
Crude rate of total population change
0.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 49
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 45
Crude birth rate
7.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 53
Crude death rate
11.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 50
Live births
1,962
2024 · EU pctl 52
Deaths
2,872
2024 · EU pctl 48
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
67.4%
2025 · EU pctl 86
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.43
2024 · EU pctl 56
Population density (persons per km²)
3 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 0
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
252,726
2100 · EU pctl 57
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
198 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
949 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
202 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
15.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
326 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 71
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,598 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 84
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
30 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.91
2022 · EU pctl 95
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.62
2022 · EU pctl 91
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.74
2022 · EU pctl 93
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.03
2022 · EU pctl 93
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.94
2022 · EU pctl 93
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.085/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 3
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.073/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 98
Housing market
Average sold price, tenant-owned flats (SEK thousands, Statistics Sweden)
1,411 kSEK
2025 · EU pctl 40
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
534 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 83
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 0
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
224 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 99
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 41
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
21
2024 · EU pctl 84
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
11
2024 · EU pctl 39
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
69
2024 · EU pctl 93
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
49.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 70
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
6.4%
2021 · EU pctl 75
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Sweden regions