NUTS-3 PL417 · Poland
Leszczyński
Leszczyński generates €9.6bn of GDP across 541.1k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 45.1/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +8.1%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 4.5pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for jobs (75th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (6.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard10 → 16 EU percentile since 1995 (+6 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Industrial base90
Freight intensity88
Cost advantage85
Digital readiness84
Energy cost79
Demographic outlook64
Labour market55
Growth momentum55
Quality of life39
Connectivity36
Talent & skills36
Resilience33
Economic base24
Governance14
Air quality7
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
45.1
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth54.8
Livability38.6
Market access30
Economic scale57
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
33.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability24
Labour stability29
Diversification60
Demographic stability20
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
36.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density18
Airport access61
Market access30
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
35.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary54
Lifelong learning10
Knowledge workers49
Scientists & engineers29
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
6.5
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.517.1 µg/m³
PM1023.7 µg/m³
NO2—
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
38.6
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy19.5
Jobs75
Education40
Health14
Safety64.3
Connectivity51
Environment6.5
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
54.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+8.1%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+6.8%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.3 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.2 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.5%
CAGR
Employment rate
+4.5 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.0 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 33.5%Diversified · HHI 2192
Agriculture 6.7%Industry 33.5%Construction 8.9%Trade · transport · ICT 24.3%Finance · real estate · prof. 12.2%Public · health · education 14.3%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€9,642M2023
14.2% 1y 8.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 57
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€8,321M2025
3.9% 1y 3.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 58
Population
541,0622025
0.2% 1y 0.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 80
Unemployment rate
2.8%2025
21.7% 1y 9.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 6
Employment
250,7002023
1.2% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 81
Productivity / employee
€47,4302025
8.2% 1y 10.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 17
Gross value added
€8,712M2023
15.6% 1y 8.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 57
All indicators · 85 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,712M
2023 · EU pctl 57
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€588M
2023 · EU pctl 90
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,917M
2023 · EU pctl 71
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,712M
2023 · EU pctl 76
GVA — construction (F)
€778M
2023 · EU pctl 73
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,118M
2023 · EU pctl 65
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€11,800
2023 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
25,600 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 24
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€17,300
2023 · EU pctl 15
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€12,125M
2023 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€2,853M
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€27,656M
2023 · EU pctl 42 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,062M
2023 · EU pctl 38
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,249M
2023 · EU pctl 41
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,321M
2025 · EU pctl 58
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€47,430
2025 · EU pctl 17
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,857M
2025 · EU pctl 51
Labour market
Employment, total persons
250,700
2023 · EU pctl 81
Self-employed persons
62,300
2023 · EU pctl 91
Employment in manufacturing (C)
70,700
2023 · EU pctl 93
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
76.0%
2025 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
8.7%
2025 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.8%
2025 · EU pctl 6
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
267,300
2025 · EU pctl 81
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
40,048
2023 · EU pctl 80
Enterprise births
3,916
2023 · EU pctl 80
Enterprise deaths
4,763
2023 · EU pctl 87
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.4%
2023 · EU pctl 75
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.1%
2023 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
2.9%
2025 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
0.7%
2023 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
34.7%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
42.1%
2025 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
6.4%
2025 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
22.8%
2025 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.2%
2025 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.8%
2025 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
615,824
2024 · EU pctl 38
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
667 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
70
CURRENT · EU pctl 22
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
27,999 kt
2025 · EU pctl 94
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
7 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 17 · NUTS-2 src
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
13
CURRENT · EU pctl 18
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
45
CURRENT · EU pctl 39
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
349,996
2025 · EU pctl 80
Population aged 65+
101,723
2025 · EU pctl 75
Population aged under 15
89,343
2025 · EU pctl 83
Median age of population
41.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 11
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
29.1%
2025 · EU pctl 11
Crude rate of total population change
-1.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 31
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Crude birth rate
7.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 53
Crude death rate
10.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 26
Live births
4,300
2024 · EU pctl 81
Deaths
5,501
2024 · EU pctl 78
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
54.6%
2025 · EU pctl 19
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.35
2024 · EU pctl 41
Population density (persons per km²)
92 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 37
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
447,846
2100 · EU pctl 78
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
446 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,508 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
284 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 22
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
4.6 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 7
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
66.0 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 10
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
128 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 5
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
62 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
2022 · EU pctl 6
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
2022 · EU pctl 24
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
2022 · EU pctl 4
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
2022 · EU pctl 24
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
2022 · EU pctl 69
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 21
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 90
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
97 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 27
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 64
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
70 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 64
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 11
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
24
2024 · EU pctl 91
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
205 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 95
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
1.2%
2021 · EU pctl 24
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Poland regions