NUTS-3 PL214 · Poland
Krakowski
Krakowski generates €11bn of GDP across 757.8k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 54.7/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic growth and economic scale. Its economy has grown +8.3%/yr over five years, with the employment rate up 3.2pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (79.3th EU percentile) and weakest for economy (10th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard2 → 9 EU percentile since 1995 (+8 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Cost advantage91
Industrial base85
Energy cost79
Demographic outlook78
Digital readiness77
Talent & skills74
Growth momentum71
Connectivity49
Quality of life48
Freight intensity38
Resilience37
Labour market33
Air quality27
Governance14
Economic base11
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
54.7
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth71.4
Livability48.4
Market access35
Economic scale64
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
36.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability8
Labour stability22
Diversification32
Demographic stability85
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
48.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density49
Airport access62
Market access35
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
74.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary77
Lifelong learning46
Knowledge workers89
Scientists & engineers85
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
27
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.5—
PM1023.3 µg/m³
NO213.5 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
48.4
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy10
Jobs64
Education77
Health18
Safety79.3
Connectivity63
Environment27.5
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
71.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+8.3%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+8.0%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.3 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.4 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.8%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.2 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 30.7%Diversified · HHI 2367
Agriculture 1.9%Industry 30.7%Construction 7.7%Trade · transport · ICT 30.7%Finance · real estate · prof. 14.6%Public · health · education 14.4%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€11,053M2023
17.6% 1y 8.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 64
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€9,499M2025
3.9% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 64
Population
757,8312025
0.5% 1y 0.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 90
Unemployment rate
2.7%2025
42.1% 1y 5.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 4
Employment
290,3002023
0.3% 1y 1.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 85
Productivity / employee
€46,6942025
8.2% 1y 11.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 16
Gross value added
€9,987M2023
19.1% 1y 8.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 64
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€9,987M
2023 · EU pctl 64
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€188M
2023 · EU pctl 58
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,062M
2023 · EU pctl 72
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,826M
2023 · EU pctl 78
GVA — construction (F)
€773M
2023 · EU pctl 72
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,066M
2023 · EU pctl 76
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€10,900
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
21,100 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 11
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€14,300
2023 · EU pctl 8
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€10,024M
2023 · EU pctl 35 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,652M
2023 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€26,117M
2023 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,457M
2023 · EU pctl 49
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,441M
2023 · EU pctl 47
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€9,499M
2025 · EU pctl 64
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€46,694
2025 · EU pctl 16
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,142M
2025 · EU pctl 58
Labour market
Employment, total persons
290,300
2023 · EU pctl 85
Self-employed persons
68,400
2023 · EU pctl 93
Employment in manufacturing (C)
70,800
2023 · EU pctl 94
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
73.1%
2025 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
11.3%
2025 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.7%
2025 · EU pctl 4
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
362,400
2025 · EU pctl 89
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
57,222
2023 · EU pctl 88
Enterprise births
6,216
2023 · EU pctl 89
Enterprise deaths
6,509
2023 · EU pctl 92
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.5%
2023 · EU pctl 76
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.7%
2023 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
6.0%
2025 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.7%
2023 · EU pctl 75 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
41.2%
2025 · EU pctl 75 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
48.1%
2025 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
9.9%
2025 · EU pctl 46 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
31.4%
2025 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
11.4%
2025 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.0%
2025 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
792,758
2024 · EU pctl 46
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
588 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,987
CURRENT · EU pctl 90
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
18,189 kt
2025 · EU pctl 85
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
394
CURRENT · EU pctl 49
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
10 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
44
CURRENT · EU pctl 38
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
492,438
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged 65+
134,240
2025 · EU pctl 85
Population aged under 15
131,153
2025 · EU pctl 92
Median age of population
41.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 9
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
27.3%
2025 · EU pctl 7
Crude rate of total population change
4.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 74
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 61
Crude birth rate
8.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 59
Crude death rate
9.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 17
Live births
6,102
2024 · EU pctl 90
Deaths
7,222
2024 · EU pctl 88
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
53.9%
2025 · EU pctl 16
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.30
2024 · EU pctl 34
Population density (persons per km²)
188 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 63
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
718,571
2100 · EU pctl 89
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
617 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 78 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,376 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
278 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 32
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
2.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
59.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
96.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
35 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 28 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
2022 · EU pctl 6
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
2022 · EU pctl 24
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
2022 · EU pctl 4
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
2022 · EU pctl 24
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
2022 · EU pctl 69
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 21
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 90
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
183 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 45
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 64
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
88 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 81
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
5 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 65
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
23
2024 · EU pctl 89
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
14
2024 · EU pctl 56
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
44
2024 · EU pctl 7
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
53.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 72
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
4.6%
2021 · EU pctl 65
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Poland regions