NUTS-3 PL213 · Poland
Miasto Kraków
Export region data (CSV)Miasto Kraków generates €26bn of GDP across 798.7k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 61.6/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +9.2%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.2pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for education (77th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (3th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
61.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth71
Livability48.4
Market access40
Economic scale87
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
36.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability20
Labour stability22
Diversification25
Demographic stability79
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
57
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density39
Airport access92
Market access40
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
74.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary77
Lifelong learning46
Knowledge workers89
Scientists & engineers85
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.517.9 µg/m³
PM1026.4 µg/m³
NO230.3 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
48.4
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy47.5
Jobs64
Education77
Health18
Safety71.3
Connectivity58
Environment3
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
71
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+9.2%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+8.0%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.2 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+1.3 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.6%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.2 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 32.4%Diversified · HHI 2436
Agriculture 0.1%Industry 13.4%Construction 7.2%Trade · transport · ICT 32.4%Finance · real estate · prof. 28.7%Public · health · education 18.3%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€23,698M
2023 · EU pctl 87
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€12M
2023 · EU pctl 8
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,177M
2023 · EU pctl 74
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,228M
2023 · EU pctl 71
GVA — construction (F)
€1,712M
2023 · EU pctl 91
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€7,670M
2023 · EU pctl 91
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€10,900
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
47,000 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 86
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€31,800
2023 · EU pctl 42
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€10,024M
2023 · EU pctl 35 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,652M
2023 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€26,117M
2023 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,800M
2023 · EU pctl 89
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€4,328M
2023 · EU pctl 84
Labour market
Employment, total persons
624,800
2023 · EU pctl 96
Self-employed persons
102,400
2023 · EU pctl 97
Employment in manufacturing (C)
55,000
2023 · EU pctl 89
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
73.1%
2025 · EU pctl 22 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
11.3%
2025 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
98,528
2023 · EU pctl 95
Enterprise births
13,614
2023 · EU pctl 96
Enterprise deaths
11,027
2023 · EU pctl 96
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.3%
2023 · EU pctl 72
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
38
2012 · EU pctl 70
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
50 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 39
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.7%
2023 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
6.0%
2025 · EU pctl 79 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
41.2%
2025 · EU pctl 75 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
48.1%
2025 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
9.9%
2025 · EU pctl 46 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
31.4%
2025 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
11.4%
2025 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
97.0%
2025 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
6,526,485
2024 · EU pctl 91
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
588 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,292
CURRENT · EU pctl 83
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
287
CURRENT · EU pctl 39
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
15
CURRENT · EU pctl 8
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
CURRENT · EU pctl 50
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
526,859
2025 · EU pctl 91
Population aged 65+
159,126
2025 · EU pctl 90
Population aged under 15
112,734
2025 · EU pctl 90
Median age of population
40.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 7
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
30.2%
2025 · EU pctl 14
Crude rate of total population change
4.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 75
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 56
Crude birth rate
8.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 80
Crude death rate
9.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Live births
7,057
2024 · EU pctl 92
Deaths
7,559
2024 · EU pctl 89
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
51.6%
2025 · EU pctl 9
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.01
2024 · EU pctl 3
Population density (persons per km²)
2,498 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 97
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
14.9%
2025 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
79.6 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
615 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 76 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,376 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
278 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 38
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
16.7 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 42
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
191 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 47
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
316 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 20
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
35 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 28 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
204 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 49
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
9 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 57
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
88 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 80
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
6 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 72
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
26
2024 · EU pctl 95
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
30
2024 · EU pctl 99
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
41
2024 · EU pctl 3
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Poland regions