NUTS-3 EE001 · Estonia
Põhja-Eesti
Export region data (CSV)Põhja-Eesti generates €25bn of GDP across 647k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 57.6/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and economic growth. Its economy has grown +7.6%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.5pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for clean environment (76th EU percentile) and weakest for health (17.5th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
57.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth69.2
Livability51.1
Market access25
Economic scale85
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
40.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability28
Labour stability21
Diversification18
Demographic stability96
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
60.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density65
Airport access92
Market access25
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
69.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary64
Lifelong learning90
Knowledge workers64
Scientists & engineers61
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
51.1
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy51.5
Jobs46
Education71
Health17.5
Safety38
Connectivity57.5
Environment76
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
69.2
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+7.6%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+7.0%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.6 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+1.7 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+1.3%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.5 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.5 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Trade · transport · ICT · 33.3%Moderately concentrated · HHI 2542
Agriculture 0.3%Industry 12.4%Construction 5.5%Trade · transport · ICT 33.3%Finance · real estate · prof. 30.3%Public · health · education 18.3%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 68 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€22,047M
2024 · EU pctl 85
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€67M
2024 · EU pctl 27
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,732M
2024 · EU pctl 68
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,118M
2024 · EU pctl 69
GVA — construction (F)
€1,204M
2024 · EU pctl 84
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€7,339M
2024 · EU pctl 91
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€15,400
2024 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
42,300 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 78
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€38,800
2024 · EU pctl 61
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€9,522M
2024 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€822M
2024 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€20,179M
2024 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,903M
2024 · EU pctl 74
GVA — information & communication (J)
€2,833M
2024 · EU pctl 91
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,676M
2024 · EU pctl 88
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€4,030M
2024 · EU pctl 82
Labour market
Employment, total persons
371,140
2024 · EU pctl 90
Self-employed persons
44,070
2024 · EU pctl 84
Employment in manufacturing (C)
51,520
2024 · EU pctl 88
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
81.7%
2025 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
20.7%
2025 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
102,058
2023 · EU pctl 95
Enterprise births
15,528
2023 · EU pctl 97
Enterprise deaths
29,378
2023 · EU pctl 99
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.2%
2023 · EU pctl 68
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
13
2012 · EU pctl 45
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
24 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 29
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.0%
2024 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
7.3%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
42.1%
2025 · EU pctl 78 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
44.3%
2025 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
23.8%
2025 · EU pctl 90 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
25.5%
2025 · EU pctl 64 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
9.2%
2025 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
95.4%
2025 · EU pctl 50 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,576,218
2024 · EU pctl 81
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
635 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 70 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,601
CURRENT · EU pctl 92
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
557
CURRENT · EU pctl 65
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
14
CURRENT · EU pctl 7
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
425,389
2025 · EU pctl 87
Population aged 65+
116,583
2025 · EU pctl 79
Population aged under 15
105,052
2025 · EU pctl 88
Median age of population
41.0 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 7
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
27.4%
2025 · EU pctl 7
Crude rate of total population change
1.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 52
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 33
Crude birth rate
7.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 41
Crude death rate
9.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 13
Live births
4,798
2024 · EU pctl 84
Deaths
5,925
2024 · EU pctl 81
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
52.1%
2025 · EU pctl 11
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.08
2024 · EU pctl 7
Population density (persons per km²)
151 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 56
Social
Life expectancy at birth
79.4 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,322 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 81 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
238 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 76
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
6.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 13
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
787 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 49
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
50 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 61 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
50 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
2 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 12
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
127 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 93
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
1 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 0
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
9
2024 · EU pctl 24
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
57
2024 · EU pctl 66
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Estonia regions