NUTS-3 ITC34 · Italy
La Spezia
La Spezia generates €8.3bn of GDP across 214.9k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 51.7/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by market access and economic growth. Its economy has grown +4.4%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 6.8pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (83.5th EU percentile) and weakest for education (28th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Mid-field stable75 → 63 EU percentile since 1995 (-11 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Economic base74
Demographic outlook72
Cost advantage55
Growth momentum55
Energy cost46
Quality of life45
Resilience43
Connectivity38
Industrial base36
Digital readiness33
Air quality30
Freight intensity29
Talent & skills21
Labour market20
Governance20
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
51.7
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth54.8
Livability44.9
Market access55
Economic scale52
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
43.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability64
Labour stability38
Diversification40
Demographic stability31
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
38
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density26
Airport access33
Market access55
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
21
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary9
Lifelong learning59
Knowledge workers13
Scientists & engineers3
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
30.3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.59.9 µg/m³
PM1017.6 µg/m³
NO214.8 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
44.9
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy59.5
Jobs33
Education28
Health83.5
Safety50.3
Connectivity29.5
Environment30.7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
54.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.4%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.7%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.7 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.8 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.2%
CAGR
Employment rate
+6.8 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-3.5 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 28%Diversified · HHI 2312
Agriculture 0.4%Industry 17.6%Construction 5.5%Trade · transport · ICT 21.8%Finance · real estate · prof. 26.6%Public · health · education 28%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€8,345M2023
7.0% 1y 4.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 52
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€7,448M2025
0.6% 1y 2.7% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 54
Population
214,9192025
0.1% 1y 0.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 44
Unemployment rate
4.7%2025
7.8% 1y 13.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 55
Employment
96,2002023
0.9% 1y 0.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 43
Productivity / employee
€88,2302025
1.4% 1y 4.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 62
Gross value added
€7,497M2023
7.1% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 52
All indicators · 88 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,497M
2023 · EU pctl 52
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€33M
2023 · EU pctl 15
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,322M
2023 · EU pctl 42
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,063M
2023 · EU pctl 43
GVA — construction (F)
€409M
2023 · EU pctl 45
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,636M
2023 · EU pctl 56
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€23,600
2024 · EU pctl 45 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
40,300 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 74
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€38,800
2023 · EU pctl 61
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€12,797M
2023 · EU pctl 44 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,274M
2023 · EU pctl 27 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€21,326M
2023 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,165M
2023 · EU pctl 58
GVA — information & communication (J)
€76M
2023 · EU pctl 37
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,996M
2023 · EU pctl 61
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,102M
2023 · EU pctl 63
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€7,448M
2025 · EU pctl 54
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€88,230
2025 · EU pctl 62
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,855M
2025 · EU pctl 51
Labour market
Employment, total persons
96,200
2023 · EU pctl 43
Self-employed persons
21,900
2023 · EU pctl 60
Employment in manufacturing (C)
11,400
2023 · EU pctl 33
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
72.2%
2025 · EU pctl 18 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
20.6%
2025 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.7%
2025 · EU pctl 55
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
98,700
2025 · EU pctl 40
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
16,831
2023 · EU pctl 55
Enterprise births
1,244
2023 · EU pctl 50
Enterprise deaths
985
2023 · EU pctl 49
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.8%
2023 · EU pctl 33
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.4%
2023 · EU pctl 45 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.1%
2025 · EU pctl 21 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.4%
2023 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
23.5%
2025 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
28.0%
2025 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
11.4%
2025 · EU pctl 59 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
17.5%
2025 · EU pctl 13 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
4.3%
2025 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
94.1%
2025 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,914,934
2025 · EU pctl 76
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
563 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
107
CURRENT · EU pctl 24
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
4,213 kt
2025 · EU pctl 31
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
50
CURRENT · EU pctl 26
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
70 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
71
CURRENT · EU pctl 67
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
CURRENT · EU pctl 50
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
132,005
2025 · EU pctl 44
Population aged 65+
60,190
2025 · EU pctl 51
Population aged under 15
22,724
2025 · EU pctl 33
Median age of population
51.9 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 94
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
45.6%
2025 · EU pctl 86
Crude rate of total population change
-0.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 39
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
7.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 70
Crude birth rate
5.7 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 11
Crude death rate
13.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 78
Live births
1,224
2024 · EU pctl 34
Deaths
2,893
2024 · EU pctl 48
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
62.8%
2025 · EU pctl 72
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.19
2024 · EU pctl 19
Population density (persons per km²)
245 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 69
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
195,041
2100 · EU pctl 45
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
345 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 35 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
867 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 21 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
218 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 35 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 36
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
23.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 53
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,141 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 70
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
41 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 43 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
2022 · EU pctl 20
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
2022 · EU pctl 14
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 20
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 15
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
2022 · EU pctl 25
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 54
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 19
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
233 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 53
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 63
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
5 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 7
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
22 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 97
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
18
2024 · EU pctl 71
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
15
2024 · EU pctl 65
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
57
2024 · EU pctl 66
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
12.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 21
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
1.6%
2021 · EU pctl 32
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Italy regions