NUTS-3 ITC11 · Italy
Torino
Torino generates €86bn of GDP across 2.2m residents. Its Opportunity Index of 61.6/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic scale and market access. Its economy has grown +3.1%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 5.0pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (81.5th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (7th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Long-run faller84 → 64 EU percentile since 1995 (-19 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Economic base74
Connectivity66
Industrial base65
Demographic outlook53
Cost advantage51
Energy cost46
Quality of life42
Growth momentum42
Resilience38
Digital readiness29
Labour market21
Governance20
Talent & skills18
Freight intensity17
Air quality7
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
61.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth41.6
Livability41.7
Market access66
Economic scale97
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
37.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability41
Labour stability40
Diversification38
Demographic stability31
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
66.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density39
Airport access94
Market access66
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
18
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary10
Lifelong learning48
Knowledge workers6
Scientists & engineers8
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.518.3 µg/m³
PM10—
NO220.4 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
41.7
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy61.5
Jobs27
Education37.5
Health81.5
Safety43.3
Connectivity34
Environment7
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
41.6
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.1%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.6%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.5 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.6 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.2%
CAGR
Employment rate
+5.0 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-1.5 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 30.7%Diversified · HHI 2324
Agriculture 0.6%Industry 23.3%Construction 5.6%Trade · transport · ICT 22.6%Finance · real estate · prof. 30.7%Public · health · education 17.2%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€85,962M2023
9.3% 1y 3.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 97
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€78,762M2025
0.6% 1y 3.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 98
Population
2,204,2762025
0.0% 1y 0.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 99
Unemployment rate
6.0%2025
4.8% 1y 5.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 67
Employment
1,013,4002023
2.1% 1y 0.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 98
Productivity / employee
€86,1672025
1.4% 1y 4.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 56
Gross value added
€77,224M2023
9.4% 1y 3.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 97
All indicators · 87 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€77,224M
2023 · EU pctl 97
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€453M
2023 · EU pctl 85
GVA — industry (B–E)
€18,023M
2023 · EU pctl 99
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€15,984M
2023 · EU pctl 99
GVA — construction (F)
€4,334M
2023 · EU pctl 98
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€17,450M
2023 · EU pctl 97
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€24,400
2024 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
40,500 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 74
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€39,000
2023 · EU pctl 62
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€44,851M
2023 · EU pctl 89 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€10,323M
2023 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€61,911M
2023 · EU pctl 80 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€10,161M
2023 · EU pctl 98
GVA — information & communication (J)
€3,951M
2023 · EU pctl 94
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€23,695M
2023 · EU pctl 98
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€13,270M
2023 · EU pctl 97
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€78,762M
2025 · EU pctl 98
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€86,167
2025 · EU pctl 56
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€24,617M
2025 · EU pctl 98
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,013,400
2023 · EU pctl 98
Self-employed persons
230,000
2023 · EU pctl 99
Employment in manufacturing (C)
173,000
2023 · EU pctl 100
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
73.5%
2025 · EU pctl 25 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
19.3%
2025 · EU pctl 69 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.0%
2025 · EU pctl 67
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,031,400
2025 · EU pctl 99
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
181,259
2023 · EU pctl 98
Enterprise births
14,384
2023 · EU pctl 96
Enterprise deaths
10,839
2023 · EU pctl 96
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.1%
2023 · EU pctl 42
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.1%
2023 · EU pctl 68 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.6%
2025 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.6%
2023 · EU pctl 69 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
21.2%
2025 · EU pctl 7 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
29.3%
2025 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
10.0%
2025 · EU pctl 48 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
16.0%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
5.0%
2025 · EU pctl 8 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
93.9%
2025 · EU pctl 29 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
8,215,089
2025 · EU pctl 93
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
723 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 94 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,208 kt
2025 · EU pctl 96
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
6,225
CURRENT · EU pctl 98
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
282
CURRENT · EU pctl 39
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
36 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 77 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
12
CURRENT · EU pctl 6
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,370,206
2025 · EU pctl 99
Population aged 65+
586,866
2025 · EU pctl 100
Population aged under 15
247,204
2025 · EU pctl 97
Median age of population
50.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 86
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
42.8%
2025 · EU pctl 79
Crude rate of total population change
-0.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 42
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 60
Crude birth rate
5.8 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 12
Crude death rate
11.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 55
Live births
12,788
2024 · EU pctl 97
Deaths
26,331
2024 · EU pctl 100
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
60.9%
2025 · EU pctl 63
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.11
2024 · EU pctl 10
Population density (persons per km²)
325 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 76
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
1,844,613
2100 · EU pctl 98
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
353 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
892 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 23 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
228 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 45 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 35
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
80.1 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 91
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,230 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 94
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
40 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
2022 · EU pctl 20
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
2022 · EU pctl 14
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 20
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
2022 · EU pctl 15
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
2022 · EU pctl 25
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 54
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 19
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
326 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 64
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
16 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 73
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
57 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 48
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
17 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 93
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
20
2024 · EU pctl 88
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
47
2024 · EU pctl 17
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
223 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 95
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
4.5%
2021 · EU pctl 64
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Italy regions