NUTS-3 ITC42 · Italy
Como
Export region data (CSV)Como generates €21bn of GDP across 598.2k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 63.6/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by market access and economic scale. Its economy has grown +3.5%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.3pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (92.5th EU percentile) and weakest for clean environment (2th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
63.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth44
Livability48.3
Market access81
Economic scale81
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
42
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability40
Labour stability47
Diversification35
Demographic stability46
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
52.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density19
Airport access57
Market access81
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
29.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary27
Lifelong learning62
Knowledge workers19
Scientists & engineers10
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
48.3
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy63
Jobs57
Education23
Health92.5
Safety62
Connectivity38.5
Environment2
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
44
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.5%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.7%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.8 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.1 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.0%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.3 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-2.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 31.2%Diversified · HHI 2343
Agriculture 0.9%Industry 26%Construction 5.9%Trade · transport · ICT 20.6%Finance · real estate · prof. 31.2%Public · health · education 15.4%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 70 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€18,747M
2023 · EU pctl 81
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€174M
2023 · EU pctl 55
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,869M
2023 · EU pctl 86
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,615M
2023 · EU pctl 90
GVA — construction (F)
€1,113M
2023 · EU pctl 82
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,857M
2023 · EU pctl 82
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€26,600
2024 · EU pctl 63 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
36,200 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 63
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€34,900
2023 · EU pctl 50
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€101,220M
2023 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€19,922M
2023 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€188,904M
2023 · EU pctl 98 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,700M
2023 · EU pctl 81
GVA — information & communication (J)
€265M
2023 · EU pctl 62
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€5,841M
2023 · EU pctl 86
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,892M
2023 · EU pctl 74
Labour market
Employment, total persons
244,900
2023 · EU pctl 79
Self-employed persons
57,700
2023 · EU pctl 90
Employment in manufacturing (C)
52,800
2023 · EU pctl 88
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
71.7%
2025 · EU pctl 15 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
10.9%
2025 · EU pctl 38 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
46,449
2023 · EU pctl 84
Enterprise births
3,439
2023 · EU pctl 77
Enterprise deaths
2,663
2023 · EU pctl 75
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.5%
2023 · EU pctl 22
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
56
2012 · EU pctl 79
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
96 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 52
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.2%
2023 · EU pctl 34 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
5.3%
2025 · EU pctl 70 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
23.6%
2025 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
34.0%
2025 · EU pctl 27 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
11.8%
2025 · EU pctl 62 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
18.7%
2025 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
5.2%
2025 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.0%
2025 · EU pctl 58 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
5,206,242
2025 · EU pctl 88
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
640 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 74 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
75
CURRENT · EU pctl 24
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
13
CURRENT · EU pctl 19
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
48
CURRENT · EU pctl 43
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
CURRENT · EU pctl 75
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
380,506
2025 · EU pctl 84
Population aged 65+
146,410
2025 · EU pctl 88
Population aged under 15
71,275
2025 · EU pctl 77
Median age of population
49.1 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 77
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
38.5%
2025 · EU pctl 60
Crude rate of total population change
0.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Crude birth rate
6.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 18
Crude death rate
10.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 27
Live births
3,731
2024 · EU pctl 76
Deaths
6,189
2024 · EU pctl 83
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.2%
2025 · EU pctl 36
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.18
2024 · EU pctl 18
Population density (persons per km²)
514 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 83
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
12.5%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
84.4 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
325 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 26 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
835 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
222 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 27
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
29.1 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 62
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
851 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 54
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
38 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 33 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
197 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 48
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
14 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 70
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
8 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 9
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
25 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 98
Environment
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
27
2024 · EU pctl 98
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
47
2024 · EU pctl 15
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Italy regions