NUTS-3 HU233 · Hungary
Tolna
Export region data (CSV)Tolna generates €3.2bn of GDP across 204.6k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 28.6/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic growth and livability. Its economy has grown +5.5%/yr over five years, with the employment rate up 8.0pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for safety (50.3th EU percentile) and weakest for health (7th).
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
28.6
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth50.4
Livability25.8
Market access22
Economic scale16
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
39.5
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability39
Labour stability28
Diversification81
Demographic stability10
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
47.3
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density74
Airport access46
Market access22
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
11.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary4
Lifelong learning31
Knowledge workers6
Scientists & engineers4
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
25.8
/ 100 · EU-relative · 6/7 pillars
Economy8.5
Jobs35.5
Education8.5
Health7
Safety50.3
Connectivity45
Environment—
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
50.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+5.5%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+5.2%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.3 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.7 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.9%
CAGR
Employment rate
+8.0 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+1.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 31%Diversified · HHI 2065
Agriculture 7.2%Industry 31%Construction 8.3%Trade · transport · ICT 14.9%Finance · real estate · prof. 16.4%Public · health · education 22.2%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
All indicators · 68 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€2,719M
2024 · EU pctl 15
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€196M
2024 · EU pctl 59
GVA — industry (B–E)
€842M
2024 · EU pctl 26
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€458M
2024 · EU pctl 19
GVA — construction (F)
€225M
2024 · EU pctl 23
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€406M
2024 · EU pctl 11
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€9,200
2023 · EU pctl 5 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
21,700 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 12
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€15,400
2024 · EU pctl 11
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€4,847M
2023 · EU pctl 13 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€583M
2023 · EU pctl 14 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€4,955M
2023 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€232M
2024 · EU pctl 14
GVA — information & communication (J)
€66M
2024 · EU pctl 34
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€447M
2024 · EU pctl 12
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€603M
2024 · EU pctl 13
Labour market
Employment, total persons
82,320
2024 · EU pctl 36
Self-employed persons
8,580
2024 · EU pctl 30
Employment in manufacturing (C)
14,890
2024 · EU pctl 43
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
76.7%
2025 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
19.4%
2025 · EU pctl 70 · NUTS-2 src
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
16,047
2023 · EU pctl 53
Enterprise births
1,380
2023 · EU pctl 52
Enterprise deaths
406
2023 · EU pctl 22
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
2023 · EU pctl 79
Innovation & R&D
EPO patent applications
0
2012 · EU pctl 1
EPO patent applications per million inhabitants
1 /M pop
2012 · EU pctl 2
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
0.6%
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.2%
2025 · EU pctl 21 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
21.6%
2025 · EU pctl 8 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
22.0%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
9.0%
2025 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
15.9%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
4.6%
2025 · EU pctl 4 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
92.2%
2025 · EU pctl 16 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
151,348
2025 · EU pctl 8
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
453 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 11 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,364
CURRENT · EU pctl 66
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
667
CURRENT · EU pctl 74
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
58
CURRENT · EU pctl 54
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
128,180
2025 · EU pctl 42
Population aged 65+
47,807
2025 · EU pctl 40
Population aged under 15
28,580
2025 · EU pctl 43
Median age of population
46.8 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 56
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
37.3%
2025 · EU pctl 54
Crude rate of total population change
-8.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 6
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-1.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 7
Crude birth rate
7.7 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 48
Crude death rate
15.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 89
Live births
1,585
2024 · EU pctl 44
Deaths
3,080
2024 · EU pctl 51
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.6%
2025 · EU pctl 53
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.49
2024 · EU pctl 69
Population density (persons per km²)
57 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 20
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)
25.4%
2025 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Life expectancy at birth
76.8 yrs
2024 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
689 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 88 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,709 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 92 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
326 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 37
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
2.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 2
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
423 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 26
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
67 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
214 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 50
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 79
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
63 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 56
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 49
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Hungary regions