NUTS-3 FR104 · France
Essonne
Essonne generates €63bn of GDP across 1.4m residents. Its Opportunity Index of 72.3/100 puts it in the upper quartile of EU regions, led by economic scale and market access. Its economy has grown +3.2%/yr over five years, with the employment rate up 2.3pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (98th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (22th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Long-run riser67 → 82 EU percentile since 1995 (+15 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Talent & skills95
Demographic outlook91
Energy cost88
Economic base80
Connectivity77
Resilience67
Digital readiness63
Quality of life63
Air quality44
Governance38
Growth momentum36
Labour market32
Freight intensity21
Cost advantage14
Industrial base14
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
72.3
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth35.6
Livability62.5
Market access95
Economic scale96
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
67
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability82
Labour stability89
Diversification12
Demographic stability85
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
77
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density53
Airport access83
Market access95
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
94.5
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary99
Lifelong learning83
Knowledge workers99
Scientists & engineers97
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
43.7
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.59.3 µg/m³
PM1010.3 µg/m³
NO223.8 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
62.5
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy83
Jobs22
Education90.5
Health98
Safety41.7
Connectivity58
Environment44.3
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
35.6
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.2%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+3.0%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.2 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.5 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.8%
CAGR
Employment rate
+2.3 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.6 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 38.8%Moderately concentrated · HHI 2657
Agriculture 0.1%Industry 9.6%Construction 6.4%Trade · transport · ICT 23.9%Finance · real estate · prof. 38.8%Public · health · education 21.2%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€63,199M2024
1.9% 1y 3.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 96
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€58,225M2025
0.8% 1y 1.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 96
Population
1,356,1142025
0.6% 1y 0.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 96
Unemployment rate
8.8%2025
10.0% 1y 1.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 88
Employment
545,9002024
0.6% 1y 1.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 95
Productivity / employee
€117,9862025
1.9% 1y 2.8% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 93
Gross value added
€56,510M2024
1.6% 1y 3.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 96
All indicators · 89 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€56,510M
2024 · EU pctl 96
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€52M
2024 · EU pctl 21
GVA — industry (B–E)
€5,431M
2024 · EU pctl 89
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,473M
2024 · EU pctl 90
GVA — construction (F)
€3,629M
2024 · EU pctl 97
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€13,531M
2024 · EU pctl 96
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€29,600
2023 · EU pctl 86 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
43,600 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 80
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€47,300
2024 · EU pctl 79
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€192,308M
2024 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€9,999M
2024 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€456,581M
2024 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€9,004M
2024 · EU pctl 97
GVA — information & communication (J)
€2,027M
2024 · EU pctl 88
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€21,899M
2024 · EU pctl 97
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€11,968M
2024 · EU pctl 96
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€58,225M
2025 · EU pctl 96
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€117,986
2025 · EU pctl 93
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€14,268M
2025 · EU pctl 96
Labour market
Employment, total persons
545,900
2024 · EU pctl 95
Self-employed persons
42,800
2024 · EU pctl 83
Employment in manufacturing (C)
36,400
2024 · EU pctl 78
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
76.6%
2025 · EU pctl 39 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
21.2%
2025 · EU pctl 75 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.8%
2025 · EU pctl 88
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
666,600
2025 · EU pctl 96
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
85,522
2023 · EU pctl 94
Enterprise births
14,081
2023 · EU pctl 96
Enterprise deaths
10,884
2023 · EU pctl 96
3-year enterprise survival rate
7.1%
2023 · EU pctl 98
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.9%
2023 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
9.1%
2025 · EU pctl 96 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
3.0%
2023 · EU pctl 93 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
58.6%
2025 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
72.7%
2025 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
18.0%
2025 · EU pctl 83 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
40.1%
2025 · EU pctl 99 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
14.1%
2025 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
96.2%
2025 · EU pctl 63 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,781,352
2025 · EU pctl 76
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
433 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 8 · NUTS-2 src
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
5,783
CURRENT · EU pctl 97
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
22,790 kt
2025 · EU pctl 91
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
426
CURRENT · EU pctl 53
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
52 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
23
CURRENT · EU pctl 17
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
CURRENT · EU pctl 75
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
871,832
2025 · EU pctl 96
Population aged 65+
219,965
2025 · EU pctl 94
Population aged under 15
264,317
2025 · EU pctl 98
Median age of population
38.2 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 1
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
25.2%
2025 · EU pctl 3
Crude rate of total population change
6.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 81
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 16
Crude birth rate
12.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 99
Crude death rate
6.6 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 1
Live births
17,072
2024 · EU pctl 98
Deaths
8,880
2024 · EU pctl 92
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
55.5%
2025 · EU pctl 24
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.91
2024 · EU pctl 99
Population density (persons per km²)
747 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 87
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
1,499,497
2100 · EU pctl 97
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
473 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 51 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
761 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
192 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 81
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
94.2 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 94
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
387 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 79
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,952 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 91
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
21 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 3 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
2022 · EU pctl 44
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
2022 · EU pctl 39
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
2022 · EU pctl 37
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
2022 · EU pctl 43
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
2022 · EU pctl 0
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.107/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 12
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 44
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
119 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 34
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 65
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
32 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 23
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 29
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
10
2024 · EU pctl 9
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
24
2024 · EU pctl 95
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
52
2024 · EU pctl 40
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
45.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 67
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
9.3%
2021 · EU pctl 85
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other France regions