NUTS-3 EL411 · Greece
Λέσβος, Λήμνος
Lesvos, Limnos
Λέσβος, Λήμνος generates €1.5bn of GDP across 112.5k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 24.4/100 sits in the lower tier of EU regions, led by economic growth and livability. Its economy has grown +3.5%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 4.8pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (78.5th EU percentile) and weakest for economy (7th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Persistent laggard19 → 12 EU percentile since 1995 (-7 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Demographic outlook100
Cost advantage88
Growth momentum58
Energy cost58
Resilience39
Quality of life34
Talent & skills12
Labour market12
Connectivity9
Governance8
Industrial base4
Economic base2
Freight intensity1
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
24.4
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth58.4
Livability34
Market access1
Economic scale4
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
39.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability29
Labour stability4
Diversification25
Demographic stability99
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
8.5
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 2/3 facets
Transit density—
Airport access16
Market access1
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
12.3
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary2
Lifelong learning6
Knowledge workers1
Scientists & engineers40
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
34
/ 100 · EU-relative · 5/7 pillars
Economy7
Jobs21
Education18
Health78.5
Safety45.3
Connectivity—
Environment—
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
58.4
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.5%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+1.6%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.9 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.6 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+1.6%
CAGR
Employment rate
+4.8 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-10.1 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Public · health · education · 33.7%Diversified · HHI 2437
Agriculture 6%Industry 8.2%Construction 3.4%Trade · transport · ICT 25.1%Finance · real estate · prof. 23.6%Public · health · education 33.7%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€1,545M2023
10.0% 1y 3.5% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 4
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€1,402M2025
2.0% 1y 3.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 5
Population
112,5202025
6.4% 1y 1.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 17
Unemployment rate
6.4%2025
8.6% 1y 17.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 70
Employment
43,2702023
2.6% 1y 1.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 12
Productivity / employee
€38,5782025
4.1% 1y 5.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 8
Gross value added
€1,348M2023
8.8% 1y 3.6% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 4
All indicators · 82 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€1,348M
2023 · EU pctl 4
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€81M
2023 · EU pctl 31
GVA — industry (B–E)
€111M
2023 · EU pctl 2
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€53M
2023 · EU pctl 2
GVA — construction (F)
€46M
2023 · EU pctl 3
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€338M
2023 · EU pctl 7
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€11,200
2023 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
16,100 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 2
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€13,000
2023 · EU pctl 6
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€652M
2023 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€19M
2023 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€1,148M
2023 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€209M
2023 · EU pctl 12
GVA — information & communication (J)
€23M
2023 · EU pctl 15
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€318M
2023 · EU pctl 7
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€455M
2023 · EU pctl 9
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€1,402M
2025 · EU pctl 5
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€38,578
2025 · EU pctl 8
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€398M
2025 · EU pctl 5
Labour market
Employment, total persons
43,270
2023 · EU pctl 12
Self-employed persons
18,800
2023 · EU pctl 55
Employment in manufacturing (C)
1,900
2023 · EU pctl 3
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
68.6%
2025 · EU pctl 10 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
31.9%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.4%
2025 · EU pctl 70
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
45,600
2025 · EU pctl 12
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
8,135
2023 · EU pctl 33
Enterprise births
519
2023 · EU pctl 26
Enterprise deaths
292
2023 · EU pctl 13
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
2023 · EU pctl 28
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
1.1%
2023 · EU pctl 28 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.5%
2023 · EU pctl 67 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
21.3%
2025 · EU pctl 8 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
19.1%
2025 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
5.2%
2025 · EU pctl 6 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
12.9%
2025 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.7%
2025 · EU pctl 40 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,262,357
2024 · EU pctl 58
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
302 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 1 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
351 kt
2025 · EU pctl 1
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
0 km/1000km²
2023 · EU pctl 0 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
96
CURRENT · EU pctl 84
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
71,695
2025 · EU pctl 19
Population aged 65+
24,751
2025 · EU pctl 14
Population aged under 15
16,074
2025 · EU pctl 20
Median age of population
42.5 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 15
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.5%
2025 · EU pctl 36
Crude rate of total population change
62.1 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 100
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
66.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 100
Crude birth rate
6.5 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Crude death rate
11.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 44
Live births
714
2024 · EU pctl 15
Deaths
1,238
2024 · EU pctl 13
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.9%
2025 · EU pctl 33
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.36
2024 · EU pctl 43
Population density (persons per km²)
51 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 18
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
238,073
2100 · EU pctl 54
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
335 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
861 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 19 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
199 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 9 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 66
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
4.7 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 8
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
11.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 1
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
82.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 1
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
98 /M pop
2022 · EU pctl 97 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.56
2022 · EU pctl 12
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.42
2022 · EU pctl 10
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.49
2022 · EU pctl 16
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.32
2022 · EU pctl 10
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.24
2022 · EU pctl 14
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.143/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 42
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.039/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 0
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
552 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 84
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 79
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
16 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 12
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
8 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 78
Environment
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
6.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 7
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
0.0%
2021 · EU pctl 0
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Greece regions