NUTS-3 DE24B · Germany
Kulmbach
Kulmbach generates €3.3bn of GDP across 71.5k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 43.2/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by livability and market access. Its economy has grown +4.9%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate down 0.7pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for jobs (84.5th EU percentile) and weakest for health (30th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Mid-field stable70 → 75 EU percentile since 1995 (+5 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Freight intensity96
Labour market88
Industrial base87
Economic base75
Air quality67
Quality of life64
Resilience61
Connectivity57
Governance56
Energy cost36
Growth momentum33
Talent & skills31
Demographic outlook29
Cost advantage19
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
43.2
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth32.8
Livability64
Market access58
Economic scale18
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
61.3
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability94
Labour stability60
Diversification47
Demographic stability44
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
56.7
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density81
Airport access31
Market access58
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
31
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary28
Lifelong learning13
Knowledge workers41
Scientists & engineers42
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
66.5
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 2/3 pollutants
PM2.5—
PM1011.4 µg/m³
NO212.6 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
64
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy78
Jobs84.5
Education58.5
Health30
Safety48.3
Connectivity81
Environment67.5
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
32.8
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+4.9%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+3.9%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+1.0 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
+0.7 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
-0.0%
CAGR
Employment rate
-0.7 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
+0.9 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Industry · 32.9%Diversified · HHI 2270
Agriculture 1.5%Industry 32.9%Construction 9.3%Trade · transport · ICT 13.6%Finance · real estate · prof. 22.3%Public · health · education 20.4%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2023
GDP (current prices)
€3,297M2023
11.6% 1y 4.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 18
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€2,810M2025
0.2% 1y 1.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 18
Population
71,5182025
0.3% 1y 0.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 7
Unemployment rate
3.1%2025
3.1% 1y 0.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 18
Employment
38,3502023
1.1% 1y 0.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 9
Productivity / employee
€90,5882025
3.3% 1y 5.0% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 67
Gross value added
€3,011M2023
13.2% 1y 5.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 18
All indicators · 82 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€3,011M
2023 · EU pctl 18
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€45M
2023 · EU pctl 19
GVA — industry (B–E)
€990M
2023 · EU pctl 32
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€898M
2023 · EU pctl 37
GVA — construction (F)
€279M
2023 · EU pctl 30
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€411M
2023 · EU pctl 11
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€29,100
2023 · EU pctl 81 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
41,000 PPS
2023 · EU pctl 75
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€46,000
2023 · EU pctl 77
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€14,094M
2023 · EU pctl 49 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€1,882M
2023 · EU pctl 42 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€27,035M
2023 · EU pctl 40 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€672M
2023 · EU pctl 22
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€614M
2023 · EU pctl 14
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€2,810M
2025 · EU pctl 18
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€90,588
2025 · EU pctl 67
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€934M
2025 · EU pctl 24
Labour market
Employment, total persons
38,350
2023 · EU pctl 9
Self-employed persons
3,600
2023 · EU pctl 6
Employment in manufacturing (C)
10,330
2023 · EU pctl 30
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
82.6%
2025 · EU pctl 82 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.1%
2025 · EU pctl 18
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
38,800
2025 · EU pctl 8
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
2,797
2023 · EU pctl 6
Enterprise births
186
2023 · EU pctl 6
Enterprise deaths
213
2023 · EU pctl 6
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.2%
2023 · EU pctl 12
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
2.8%
2023 · EU pctl 81 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
3.5%
2025 · EU pctl 31 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
1.3%
2023 · EU pctl 58 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
31.8%
2025 · EU pctl 36 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
34.1%
2025 · EU pctl 28 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
6.8%
2025 · EU pctl 13 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
21.7%
2025 · EU pctl 41 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
7.9%
2025 · EU pctl 42 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
221,100
2024 · EU pctl 13
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants
671 /1k pop
2024 · EU pctl 87 · NUTS-2 src
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
4,836 kt
2025 · EU pctl 36
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
538
CURRENT · EU pctl 37
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
752
CURRENT · EU pctl 81
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
73
CURRENT · EU pctl 69
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
CURRENT · EU pctl 15
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
44,269
2025 · EU pctl 7
Population aged 65+
18,494
2025 · EU pctl 8
Population aged under 15
8,755
2025 · EU pctl 6
Median age of population
50.3 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 86
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
41.8%
2025 · EU pctl 75
Crude rate of total population change
-3.3 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 43
Crude birth rate
6.9 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 32
Crude death rate
14.0 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 81
Live births
496
2024 · EU pctl 7
Deaths
1,006
2024 · EU pctl 9
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
61.6%
2025 · EU pctl 66
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.37
2024 · EU pctl 45
Population density (persons per km²)
109 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 44
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
64,998
2100 · EU pctl 9
Health
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
1,117 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
230 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 52 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.4 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 81
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
13.9 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 34
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
113 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 23
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
662 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 42
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
37 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 32 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
2022 · EU pctl 59
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
2022 · EU pctl 56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
2022 · EU pctl 54
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
2022 · EU pctl 57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
2022 · EU pctl 34
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.161/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 64
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.055/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 53
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
472 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 79
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
7 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 45
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
87 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 79
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 17
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
11
2024 · EU pctl 14
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
13
2024 · EU pctl 51
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
13.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 23
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
2.3%
2021 · EU pctl 42
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other Germany regions