NUTS-3 ITH44 · Italy
Population
227,7922025
GDP
€9,458M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
4.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
74.7%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
210 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITH44 · ITI22
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Trieste (Opportunity 44). Runner-up: Terni (42). Contrarian pick: Terni — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 63).
#2Terni
Strengths
Cost advantage (63) · Energy cost (46)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 29 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Trieste
Its weakest dimension is Freight intensity (EU pctl 18) — Terni may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Terni · Manufacturing → Terni · Office → Trieste · Residential → Trieste.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
43.9
42.3
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
41.8
42.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
45.7
42.0
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
27.0
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
39.7
42.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
29.5
28.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
35.8
41.0
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.2% 5y
3.2% 5y
Population
0.3% 5y
0.7% 5y
Unemployment rate
0.9% 5y
7.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€41,522
€29,323
Population density
1,085 /km²
101 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,497M
€5,671M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€20M
€189M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,136M
€1,133M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€866M
€879M
GVA — construction (F)
€498M
€402M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,053M
€1,306M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,800
€21,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
42,900 PPS
30,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€41,400
€29,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€10,531M
€6,687M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,200M
€1,149M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€18,713M
€10,415M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€936M
€675M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€340M
€126M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,703M
€1,389M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,088M
€1,252M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,591M
€5,758M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€89,623
€72,456
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,245M
€1,596M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
108,600
88,100
Self-employed persons
20,300
22,600
Employment in manufacturing (C)
9,600
11,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.8%
72.5%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
12.9%
18.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.6%
4.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
104,100
98,600
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
15,730
16,326
Enterprise births
1,430
1,161
Enterprise deaths
914
903
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.5%
4.2%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.7%
0.9%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.9%
2.4%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.6%
0.9%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
24.1%
25.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
35.2%
33.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
13.7%
13.2%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.1%
18.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
4.1%
4.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.3%
93.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
2,083,439
1,114,822
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
695 /1k
774 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,420 kt
5,731 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2
78
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
1
36
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
35 km/1000km²
12 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
28
50
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
4
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
138,476
130,531
Population aged 65+
65,856
62,659
Population aged under 15
23,460
22,095
Median age of population
52.0 yrs
52.2 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
47.6%
48.0%
Crude rate of total population change
-2.6 /1k
-2.6 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.1 /1k
6.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
5.9 /1k
5.2 /1k
Crude death rate
14.7 /1k
13.8 /1k
Live births
1,351
1,130
Deaths
3,357
2,979
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
64.5%
64.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.19
1.11
Population density (persons per km²)
1,071 /km²
102 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
235,490
153,226
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
11.6%
13.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.2 yrs
84.1 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
9.1%
11.3%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
312 /100k
306 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
899 /100k
839 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
216 /100k
208 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
0.5 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
65.6 /100k
17.0 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,056 /100k
813 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
61 /M
73 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
290 m
381 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
12 days/yr
51 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
30 days/yr
23 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
23 days/yr
11 days/yr