NUTS-3 ES513 · Spain
Population
458,2262025
GDP
€15,082M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.4%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
76.4%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
12,181.4 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES513 · ES522
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Lleida (Opportunity 62). Runner-up: Castellón/Castelló (55). Contrarian pick: Castellón/Castelló — leads the set on Freight intensity (EU pctl 99).
Strengths
Freight intensity (99) · Energy cost (95)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Lleida
Its weakest dimension is Labour market (EU pctl 31) — Castellón/Castelló may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Lleida · Manufacturing → Castellón/Castelló · Office → Lleida · Residential → Lleida.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
62.4
54.5
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
53.8
51.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
66.4
56.8
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
87.7
83.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
32.7
22.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
76.8
60.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
63.0
62.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.2% 5y
2.9% 5y
Population
0.9% 5y
1.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
2.6% 5y
4.1% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€32,913
€28,141
Population density
38 /km²
94 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€13,762M
€16,117M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€689M
€599M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,409M
€4,318M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,016M
€3,949M
GVA — construction (F)
€856M
€866M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,094M
€4,035M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€19,900
€16,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
37,700 PPS
32,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€33,600
€29,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€57,689M
€25,331M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€9,484M
€4,983M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€147,909M
€70,224M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,940M
€3,435M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,775M
€2,864M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€14,311M
€16,561M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€75,006
€73,535
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,484M
€3,634M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
216,100
258,200
Self-employed persons
35,300
38,900
Employment in manufacturing (C)
27,500
45,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
77.4%
74.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
19.1%
30.5%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.4%
11.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
238,300
315,800
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
33,954
42,255
Enterprise births
2,573
3,604
Enterprise deaths
2,271
3,007
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
4.1%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.9%
1.2%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
6.6%
3.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
1.0%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
46.9%
38.1%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
57.5%
53.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
16.2%
18.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
28.1%
22.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
8.8%
7.0%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
98.5%
98.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,277,502
7,911,112
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
450 /1k
510 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,213 kt
60,988 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,272
933
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
46 km/1000km²
50 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
278
149
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
103
92
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
303,630
415,765
Population aged 65+
92,147
127,565
Population aged under 15
62,449
84,290
Median age of population
45.3 yrs
45.8 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
30.3%
30.7%
Crude rate of total population change
14.3 /1k
20.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
16.6 /1k
22.2 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.0 /1k
6.7 /1k
Crude death rate
9.3 /1k
8.9 /1k
Live births
3,173
4,168
Deaths
4,221
5,517
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.9%
51.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.28
1.19
Population density (persons per km²)
38 /km²
94 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
386,600
444,591
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
21.3%
30.7%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.3 yrs
83.5 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
14.3%
26.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
360 /100k
219 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
806 /100k
900 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
208 /100k
213 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
0.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
104 /100k
77.5 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
461 /100k
428 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
375 /100k
318 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
32 /M
30 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.16
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.106/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
704 m
528 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
31 days/yr
22 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
39 days/yr
10 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
5 days/yr