NUTS-3 RO423 · Romania
Population
351,2532025
GDP
€5,257M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
5.1%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
66.5%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
7,081.2 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
RO423 · ITG14
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Agrigento (Opportunity 37). Runner-up: Hunedoara (30). Contrarian pick: Hunedoara — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 94).
Strengths
Cost advantage (71) · Energy cost (46)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Cost advantage (94) · Digital readiness (60)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Agrigento
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Labour market (EU bottom 15%); Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%); Connectivity (EU bottom 15%); Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%); Industrial base (EU bottom 15%); Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Labour market (EU pctl 1) — Hunedoara may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Hunedoara · Manufacturing → Hunedoara · Office → Hunedoara · Residential → Agrigento.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
29.7
36.9
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
38.8
40.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
25.8
33.8
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
19.0
13.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
33.8
7.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
45.8
43.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.9% 5y
2.8% 5y
Population
1.6% 5y
0.7% 5y
Unemployment rate
2.5% 5y
11.4% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€14,967
€19,197
Population density
50 /km²
134 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€4,764M
€7,043M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€135M
€626M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€902M
€572M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€719M
€310M
GVA — construction (F)
€421M
€503M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,434M
€1,456M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€9,900
€16,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
24,700 PPS
19,800 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€14,900
€19,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€5,950M
€24,161M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€880M
€2,214M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€11,679M
€40,753M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€594M
€1,126M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€40M
€48M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€914M
€1,743M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€957M
€2,144M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€4,088M
€7,357M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€44,510
€65,332
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,129M
€1,797M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
131,490
122,100
Self-employed persons
11,900
37,500
Employment in manufacturing (C)
31,790
6,400
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
64.5%
54.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
31.2%
33.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.1%
12.2%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
143,000
144,000
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
16,903
23,604
Enterprise births
1,765
1,894
Enterprise deaths
1,238
1,369
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
4.4%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
1.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
6.5%
2.6%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.6%
0.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
19.4%
16.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
17.3%
24.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
10.3%
7.2%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.9%
15.8%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.1%
3.9%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
90.9%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
342,220
1,894,020
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
476 /1k
733 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
5,349 kt
1,628 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
121
2
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
8 km/1000km²
28 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
34
1
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
92
93
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
222,856
258,040
Population aged 65+
83,666
100,049
Population aged under 15
44,731
50,312
Median age of population
49.0 yrs
48.1 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
37.5%
38.8%
Crude rate of total population change
-10.3 /1k
-5.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.9 /1k
-0.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.0 /1k
7.3 /1k
Crude death rate
15.4 /1k
11.8 /1k
Live births
2,131
2,978
Deaths
5,440
4,819
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.6%
58.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.31
1.34
Population density (persons per km²)
50 /km²
135 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
185,576
283,988
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
20.2%
44.0%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
76.4 yrs
82.6 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
11.9%
38.4%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
805 /100k
288 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,939 /100k
1,031 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
249 /100k
209 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
0.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
16.1 /100k
11.4 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
145 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
433 /100k
436 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
68 /M
50 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
285 m
361 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
15 days/yr
62 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
83 days/yr
5 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
7 days/yr