NUTS-3 ITC4C · Italy
Population
3,246,4552025
GDP
€230,481M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
1,574.7 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITC4C · ES523
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Milano (Opportunity 73). Runner-up: Valencia/València (65). Contrarian pick: Valencia/València — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Digital readiness (88)
Red flags
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Milano
Its weakest dimension is Freight intensity (EU pctl 18) — Valencia/València may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Valencia/València · Manufacturing → Valencia/València · Office → Milano · Residential → Milano.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
72.5
64.7
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
35.5
50.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
48.6
49.8
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
55.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
70.3
47.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
29.5
60.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
53.2
72.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.6% 5y
4.4% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
1.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
13.5% 5y
5.4% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€70,995
€27,323
Population density
2,062 /km²
256 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€207,052M
€68,749M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€288M
€1,660M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€31,679M
€13,526M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€24,765M
€10,338M
GVA — construction (F)
€8,915M
€3,918M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€62,205M
€17,811M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€26,600
€16,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
73,900 PPS
31,600 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€71,200
€28,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€101,220M
€25,331M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€19,922M
€4,983M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€188,904M
€70,224M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€23,051M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€17,421M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€79,975M
€17,799M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€23,987M
€14,035M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€209,864M
€70,815M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€111,626
€71,199
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€48,283M
€15,538M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
2,127,000
1,140,300
Self-employed persons
380,300
167,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
225,900
139,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
71.7%
74.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
10.9%
30.5%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.9%
11.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,539,900
1,406,300
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
336,627
196,322
Enterprise births
29,755
20,100
Enterprise deaths
19,744
16,308
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.1%
4.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
1.2%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
5.3%
3.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.6%
1.0%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
23.6%
38.1%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.0%
53.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
11.8%
18.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.7%
22.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
5.2%
7.0%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
98.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
22,844,935
13,171,283
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
640 /1k
510 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
48,414 kt
115,701 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
4,954
3,359
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
32 km/1000km²
50 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
153
122
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
13
32
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
2,099,966
1,851,227
Population aged 65+
752,754
552,486
Population aged under 15
393,735
360,283
Median age of population
47.6 yrs
45.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
35.8%
29.8%
Crude rate of total population change
0.3 /1k
19.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.5 /1k
21.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.6 /1k
6.6 /1k
Crude death rate
9.8 /1k
8.7 /1k
Live births
21,441
18,147
Deaths
31,866
23,864
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
54.6%
49.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.14
1.11
Population density (persons per km²)
2,081 /km²
255 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
3,516,427
2,332,960
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
12.5%
30.7%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.4 yrs
83.5 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
9.2%
26.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
322 /100k
219 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
835 /100k
900 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
222 /100k
213 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.5 /100k
1.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
129 /100k
132 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
373 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
3,560 /100k
430 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
30 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.16
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.106/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
118 m
344 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
33 days/yr
63 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
43 days/yr
5 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
19 days/yr
8 days/yr