NUTS-3 ES120 · Spain
Population
1,015,1282025
GDP
€28,350M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.8%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
72%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
10,613 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES120 · ITI14
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Firenze (Opportunity 61). Runner-up: Asturias (54). Contrarian pick: Asturias — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
#1Firenze
Strengths
Economic base (87) · Demographic outlook (85)
Red flags
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Flood: 25% of population in the 100-year floodplain
#2Asturias
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Freight intensity (72)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Firenze
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%); Flood: 25% of population in the 100-year floodplain. Its weakest dimension is Freight intensity (EU pctl 10) — Asturias may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Firenze · Manufacturing → Asturias · Office → Firenze · Residential → Firenze.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
- Flood defences, return-period design and insurance for flagged regions
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
53.8
60.8
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
37.8
33.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
47.3
48.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
39.3
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
37.0
71.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
67.8
23.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
59.8
46.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.5% 5y
4.1% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
9.0% 5y
6.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€27,928
€46,675
Population density
96 /km²
281 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€25,837M
€41,430M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€389M
€295M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€5,576M
€8,390M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,782M
€7,564M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,708M
€1,922M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€6,101M
€10,974M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€19,500
€23,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
31,600 PPS
48,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€28,100
€46,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€5,061M
€29,682M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,031M
€5,009M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€13,729M
€51,756M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€4,735M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€1,021M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,373M
€12,585M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€5,689M
€7,262M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€25,425M
€42,124M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€74,485
€88,307
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,740M
€9,963M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
406,900
530,800
Self-employed persons
68,300
117,500
Employment in manufacturing (C)
46,900
90,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
73.8%
73.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
27.9%
15.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.8%
4.3%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
475,100
472,500
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
68,999
95,086
Enterprise births
5,127
7,201
Enterprise deaths
5,046
5,468
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
3.5%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.0%
1.4%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.5%
3.7%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.1%
1.5%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
46.6%
23.8%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
55.0%
30.8%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
15.4%
11.7%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
25.7%
17.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.8%
4.9%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.0%
96.6%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
6,689,670
15,659,580
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
546 /1k
744 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
39,693 kt
11,383 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
202
5,912
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
43 km/1000km²
23 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
20
598
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
36
15
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
627,732
616,818
Population aged 65+
287,903
260,194
Population aged under 15
99,493
111,056
Median age of population
51.6 yrs
50.2 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
45.9%
42.2%
Crude rate of total population change
5.5 /1k
-0.7 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
13.9 /1k
5.1 /1k
Crude birth rate
4.5 /1k
6.0 /1k
Crude death rate
12.9 /1k
11.8 /1k
Live births
4,535
5,921
Deaths
13,109
11,642
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
61.7%
60.2%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
0.94
1.13
Population density (persons per km²)
96 /km²
283 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
576,453
948,857
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
22.4%
18.1%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
83.4 yrs
84.2 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
17.2%
12.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
355 /100k
285 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
848 /100k
848 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
224 /100k
209 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
34.1 /100k
137 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
164 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
174 /100k
2,739 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
43 /M
51 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
503 m
233 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
2 days/yr
42 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
24 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
14 days/yr
14 days/yr