NUTS-3 DE21L · Germany
Population
139,3292025
GDP
€7,516M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
85.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
480.4 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
DE21L · DE228
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Starnberg (Opportunity 62). Runner-up: Passau, Landkreis (52). Contrarian pick: Passau, Landkreis — leads the set on Freight intensity (EU pctl 90).
Why you might not pick Starnberg
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Cost advantage (EU pctl 2) — Passau, Landkreis may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Passau, Landkreis · Manufacturing → Passau, Landkreis · Office → Starnberg · Residential → Starnberg.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
62.2
52.3
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
58.5
70.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
79.6
62.4
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
92.3
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
60.3
61.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
77.0
22.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
43.2
41.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
1.2% 5y
0.8% 5y
Population
0.4% 5y
0.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
9.6% 5y
0.7% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€53,946
€38,539
Population density
290 /km²
127 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 84 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,865M
€6,854M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€25M
€196M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,508M
€1,956M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,433M
€1,716M
GVA — construction (F)
€305M
€561M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,328M
€1,253M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€34,700
€29,300
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
48,300 PPS
34,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€54,200
€38,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€92,019M
€15,377M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€17,837M
€3,308M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€176,106M
€31,040M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,346M
€1,597M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,354M
€1,291M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€6,538M
€6,228M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€101,327
€88,791
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,993M
€1,881M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
77,500
88,650
Self-employed persons
8,940
11,150
Employment in manufacturing (C)
15,160
20,770
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
83.9%
83.5%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
5.4%
—
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.0%
2.9%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
72,600
104,200
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
9,614
8,885
Enterprise births
853
673
Enterprise deaths
889
673
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.9%
3.2%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
5.2%
0.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
8.9%
3.7%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
3.9%
0.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
47.4%
28.7%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
57.2%
33.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.2%
6.2%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
32.4%
18.8%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.5%
7.6%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
702,400
3,027,167
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
612 /1k
681 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,610 kt
10,393 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
628
2,481
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
451
1,274
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
56
75
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
85,940
120,426
Population aged 65+
33,399
48,129
Population aged under 15
19,990
26,144
Median age of population
48.2 yrs
48.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
38.9%
40.0%
Crude rate of total population change
2.9 /1k
3.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.5 /1k
7.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.1 /1k
7.5 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
11.6 /1k
Live births
985
1,452
Deaths
1,492
2,261
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
62.1%
61.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.40
1.41
Population density (persons per km²)
327 /km²
128 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
124,477
182,980
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
15.3%
15.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.7 yrs
81.2 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
11.8%
12.3%
Health
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
931 /100k
1,108 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
204 /100k
231 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
0.5 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
5.8 /100k
10.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
77.7 /100k
99.5 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
506 /100k
344 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
35 /M
47 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.53
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.161/kWh
€0.161/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.055/kWh
€0.055/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
670 m
373 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
5 days/yr
10 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
91 days/yr
80 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
5 days/yr