Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€14,173M
€13,483M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€603M
€169M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,270M
€3,461M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,033M
€2,887M
GVA — construction (F)
€908M
€1,011M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,740M
€3,999M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€15,300
€10,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
29,200 PPS
29,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€23,800
€19,600
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€7,741M
€5,384M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,378M
€1,236M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€14,232M
€12,111M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,825M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€271M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,717M
€2,140M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,935M
€2,703M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€11,839M
€12,996M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€53,294
€46,261
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€4,169M
€2,985M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
311,460
396,100
Self-employed persons
43,020
66,900
Employment in manufacturing (C)
82,880
73,400
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
78.1%
75.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
9.0%
15.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.2%
4.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
318,800
358,900
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
24.0%
31.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
29.6%
32.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
8.1%
10.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
17.4%
21.6%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.4%
7.0%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
645 /1k
613 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
26,357 kt
22,175 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,358
2,104
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
13 km/1000km²
9 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
514
284
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
20
126
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
410,412
474,374
Population aged 65+
142,439
160,467
Population aged under 15
100,376
105,040
Median age of population
45.1 yrs
43.9 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.7%
33.8%
Crude rate of total population change
-2.0 /1k
-2.3 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.9 /1k
2.1 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.8 /1k
6.4 /1k
Crude death rate
10.6 /1k
10.8 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.2%
56.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.43
1.03
Population density (persons per km²)
68 /km²
260 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
605,068
555,799
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
7.9 /100k
14.6 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
122 /100k
149 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
177 /100k
295 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
70 /M
65 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.20
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.33
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.80
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
1.00
0.54