Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€83,897M
€83,691M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€752M
€755M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€21,067M
€13,052M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€19,342M
€9,798M
GVA — construction (F)
€5,232M
€4,767M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€18,574M
€17,635M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,600
€21,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
44,400 PPS
32,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€52,600
€35,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€30,722M
€28,402M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€7,348M
€3,256M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€50,417M
€76,179M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€7,714M
€8,670M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€4,834M
€3,610M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€19,470M
€22,474M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€18,802M
€25,009M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€87,110M
€83,973M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€106,526
€84,427
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€29,470M
€19,827M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
935,570
1,132,000
Self-employed persons
41,800
95,800
Employment in manufacturing (C)
120,900
107,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
84.1%
73.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
21.7%
21.4%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.5%
9.0%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
991,600
1,209,300
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
50.5%
41.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
52.9%
53.6%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
37.9%
14.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
33.2%
28.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
14.5%
8.6%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
466 /1k
—
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
68,504 kt
65,213 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
45
10,672
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
20 km/1000km²
50 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
3
408
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
79
4
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,116,302
1,654,671
Population aged 65+
359,559
499,153
Population aged under 15
296,960
459,957
Median age of population
40.6 yrs
39.9 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.2%
30.2%
Crude rate of total population change
3.3 /1k
-0.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.1 /1k
-1.8 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.7 /1k
10.2 /1k
Crude death rate
8.5 /1k
8.8 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
58.8%
58.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.45
1.59
Population density (persons per km²)
74 /km²
456 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,449,552
2,628,268
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
—
0.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
46.4 /100k
90.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
638 /100k
462 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,471 /100k
2,083 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
19 /M
29 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.91
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.62
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.74
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.03
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.94
0.02