Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€180,828M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€627M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€19,205M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€7,473M
GVA — construction (F)
€8,289M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€50,714M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
49,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€47,600
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€50,148M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€4,606M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€95,178M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€20,749M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€14,838M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€58,757M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€43,236M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
2,218,000
Self-employed persons
433,400
Employment in manufacturing (C)
86,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
68.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
21.3%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
28.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
37.4%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
10.6%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
23.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
6.3%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
701 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
8,298
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
197
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
7
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
2,728,595
Population aged 65+
984,903
Population aged under 15
509,150
Median age of population
48.7 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
36.1%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.7 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.8 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
54.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.10
Population density (persons per km²)
800 /km²