NUTS-3 FRE11 · France
Population
2,613,7812025
GDP
€93,776M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
9%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
71.8%2025
Active firms
472,7602026
Cadastral parcels
1,884,9992026
Area
5,727.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
FRE11 · NL366
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Groot-Rijnmond (Opportunity 80). Runner-up: Nord (65). Contrarian pick: Nord — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 88).
Strengths
Digital readiness (94) · Talent & skills (93)
Red flags
Flood: 52% of population in the 100-year floodplain
Why you might not pick Groot-Rijnmond
Flood: 52% of population in the 100-year floodplain. Its weakest dimension is Industrial base (EU pctl 16) — Nord may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Groot-Rijnmond leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
- Flood defences, return-period design and insurance for flagged regions
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
64.7
80.0
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
53.8
76.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
39.0
65.9
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
43.3
32.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
76.7
73.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
73.3
93.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
41.6
60.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
1.8% 5y
—
Population
0.0% 5y
0.8% 5y
Unemployment rate
0.2% 5y
—
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€35,877
€64,487
Population density
456 /km²
1,011 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
721
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
181
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€83,691M
€87,455M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€755M
€986M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€13,052M
€11,651M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€9,798M
€7,576M
GVA — construction (F)
€4,767M
€4,364M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€17,635M
€25,435M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€21,200
€26,500
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,900 PPS
55,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€35,800
€64,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€28,402M
€47,953M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€3,256M
€3,533M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€76,179M
€103,312M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€8,670M
€5,969M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€3,610M
€3,142M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€22,474M
€23,360M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€25,009M
€17,752M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€83,973M
—
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€84,427
—
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€19,827M
—
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,132,000
840,200
Self-employed persons
95,800
133,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
107,000
46,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
73.2%
84.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
21.4%
11.4%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
9.0%
—
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,209,300
—
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
150,692
199,554
Enterprise births
22,431
22,388
Enterprise deaths
17,038
10,536
3-year enterprise survival rate
7.0%
7.6%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.9%
—
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.9%
5.4%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.7%
—
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
41.0%
47.3%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
53.6%
56.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
14.9%
26.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
28.2%
33.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
8.6%
13.2%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
92.8%
99.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
5,158,184
7,108,552
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
—
440 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
10,672
2,920
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
65,213 kt
63,361 kt
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
408
193
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
50 km/1000km²
134 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
4
13
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,654,671
987,125
Population aged 65+
499,153
287,922
Population aged under 15
459,957
236,104
Median age of population
39.9 yrs
40.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
30.2%
29.2%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.5 /1k
5.7 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-1.8 /1k
5.2 /1k
Crude birth rate
10.2 /1k
9.7 /1k
Crude death rate
8.8 /1k
9.2 /1k
Live births
26,558
14,591
Deaths
23,129
13,794
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
58.0%
53.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.59
1.38
Population density (persons per km²)
456 /km²
1,241 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,628,268
—
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
26.9%
17.2%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
81.3 yrs
82.0 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
21.9%
14.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
558 /100k
—
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,007 /100k
—
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
260 /100k
239 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
—
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
90.8 /100k
—
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
462 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,083 /100k
—
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
29 /M
28 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
—
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
—
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
—
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
—
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
—
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.107/kWh
€0.142/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
47 m
4 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
5 days/yr
5 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
31 days/yr
27 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
2 days/yr