NUTS-3 ES513 · Spain
Population
458,2262025
GDP
€15,082M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.4%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
76.4%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
12,181.4 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES513 · ES422
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Lleida (Opportunity 62). Runner-up: Ciudad Real (46). Contrarian pick: Ciudad Real — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 74).
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Cost advantage (74)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Lleida
Its weakest dimension is Labour market (EU pctl 31) — Ciudad Real may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Lleida leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
62.4
46.4
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
53.8
45.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
66.4
42.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
87.7
39.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
32.7
9.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
76.8
45.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
63.0
50.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.2% 5y
1.7% 5y
Population
0.9% 5y
0.0% 5y
Unemployment rate
2.6% 5y
5.7% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€32,913
€25,154
Population density
38 /km²
25 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€13,762M
€11,358M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€689M
€1,013M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,409M
€2,475M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,016M
€1,912M
GVA — construction (F)
€856M
€820M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,094M
€2,369M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€19,900
€15,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
37,700 PPS
28,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€33,600
€25,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€57,689M
€9,963M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€9,484M
€1,892M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€147,909M
€23,774M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,940M
€2,050M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,775M
€2,633M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€14,311M
€11,087M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€75,006
€74,064
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,484M
€2,677M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
216,100
181,500
Self-employed persons
35,300
31,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
27,500
21,500
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
77.4%
74.4%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
19.1%
27.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.4%
12.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
238,300
244,200
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
33,954
30,354
Enterprise births
2,573
2,265
Enterprise deaths
2,271
2,304
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
3.7%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.9%
0.6%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
6.6%
3.7%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
0.4%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
46.9%
33.3%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
57.5%
47.4%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
16.2%
14.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
28.1%
18.8%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
8.8%
5.6%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
98.5%
96.3%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,277,502
935,863
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
450 /1k
599 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,213 kt
16,664 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,272
1
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
46 km/1000km²
23 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
278
0
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
103
173
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
303,630
323,424
Population aged 65+
92,147
107,980
Population aged under 15
62,449
63,444
Median age of population
45.3 yrs
46.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
30.3%
33.4%
Crude rate of total population change
14.3 /1k
3.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
16.6 /1k
8.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.0 /1k
6.5 /1k
Crude death rate
9.3 /1k
10.7 /1k
Live births
3,173
3,224
Deaths
4,221
5,275
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.9%
53.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.28
1.17
Population density (persons per km²)
38 /km²
25 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
386,600
269,825
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
21.3%
34.0%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.3 yrs
83.9 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
14.3%
25.9%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
360 /100k
236 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
806 /100k
837 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
208 /100k
206 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
0.2 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
104 /100k
34.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
461 /100k
238 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
375 /100k
154 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
32 /M
50 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.16
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.106/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
704 m
631 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
31 days/yr
90 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
39 days/yr
26 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
2 days/yr