NUTS-3 ES220 · Spain
Population
683,8542025
GDP
€24,975M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
7.7%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.7%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
10,399.7 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES220 · ITH10
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Bolzano-Bozen (Opportunity 65). Runner-up: Navarra (62). Contrarian pick: Navarra — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
Strengths
Demographic outlook (97) · Economic base (95)
Red flags
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Bolzano-Bozen
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Cost advantage (EU pctl 8) — Navarra may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Bolzano-Bozen leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
61.7
65.1
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
53.5
68.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
63.0
51.5
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
73.3
22.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
16.7
36.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
78.3
17.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
66.8
59.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.9% 5y
3.0% 5y
Population
0.7% 5y
0.3% 5y
Unemployment rate
5.1% 5y
13.4% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€36,522
€61,029
Population density
66 /km²
73 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€22,761M
€29,588M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€859M
€1,356M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€6,806M
€4,678M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€5,852M
€3,403M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,262M
€1,967M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,873M
€8,516M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€21,400
€30,300
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
41,500 PPS
63,800 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€37,000
€61,500
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€5,852M
€8,943M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,789M
€744M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€12,398M
€12,272M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€2,743M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€469M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€4,459M
€7,078M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€4,503M
€5,993M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,203M
€28,188M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€83,183
€105,951
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€6,638M
€9,082M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
320,800
317,400
Self-employed persons
40,800
69,700
Employment in manufacturing (C)
73,100
38,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
75.3%
75.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
20.9%
9.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.7%
1.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
342,000
265,600
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
43,783
46,847
Enterprise births
2,987
2,911
Enterprise deaths
3,423
2,271
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.1%
3.4%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.8%
0.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.0%
2.4%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.8%
1.1%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
50.8%
18.7%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
60.2%
24.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
18.1%
11.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
28.8%
14.1%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
8.6%
3.7%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
97.0%
93.4%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
4,082,631
38,239,379
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
538 /1k
763 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
33,112 kt
22,531 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
22
43
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
41 km/1000km²
25 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
3
8
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
117
68
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
445,109
345,749
Population aged 65+
143,534
113,278
Population aged under 15
95,211
80,652
Median age of population
45.6 yrs
45.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.2%
32.8%
Crude rate of total population change
8.1 /1k
4.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
10.3 /1k
4.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.7 /1k
8.4 /1k
Crude death rate
8.9 /1k
8.5 /1k
Live births
4,568
4,537
Deaths
6,042
4,552
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
53.6%
56.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.20
1.51
Population density (persons per km²)
66 /km²
73 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
715,651
793,254
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
16.5%
7.0%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.7 yrs
85.0 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
12.3%
4.6%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
316 /100k
316 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
725 /100k
808 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
194 /100k
195 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.6 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
69.6 /100k
44.2 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
287 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
299 /100k
1,123 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
39 /M
59 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
392 m
1,563 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
42 days/yr
0 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
172 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
12 days/yr