NUTS-3 EL411 · Greece
Population
112,5202025
GDP
€1,545M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
6.4%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
70%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
2,215.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
EL411 · EL512
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Λέσβος, Λήμνος (Opportunity 24). Runner-up: Ξάνθη (19).
Strengths
Demographic outlook (100) · Cost advantage (88)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
#2Ξάνθη
Strengths
Cost advantage (88) · Demographic outlook (62)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Λέσβος, Λήμνος
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Labour market (EU bottom 15%); Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%); Connectivity (EU bottom 15%); Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%); Industrial base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Freight intensity (EU pctl 1) — Ξάνθη may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Ξάνθη · Manufacturing → Ξάνθη · Office → Ξάνθη · Residential → Λέσβος, Λήμνος.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
24.4
19.2
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
39.3
25.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
34.0
21.1
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
8.5
39.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
12.3
21.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
58.4
47.6
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.4% 5y
3.9% 5y
Population
1.6% 5y
0.3% 5y
Unemployment rate
17.4% 5y
9.2% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€13,734
€11,867
Population density
51 /km²
60 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 83 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€1,348M
€1,118M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€81M
€51M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€111M
€231M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€53M
€180M
GVA — construction (F)
€46M
€27M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€338M
€250M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€11,200
€11,100
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
16,100 PPS
14,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€13,000
€11,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€652M
€1,728M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€19M
€170M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€1,148M
€3,128M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€209M
€132M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€23M
€26M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€318M
€224M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€455M
€335M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€1,402M
€1,187M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€38,578
€29,049
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€398M
€320M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
43,270
47,770
Self-employed persons
18,800
17,020
Employment in manufacturing (C)
1,900
3,700
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
68.6%
67.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
31.9%
23.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.4%
10.7%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
45,600
49,700
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
8,135
6,217
Enterprise births
519
516
Enterprise deaths
292
261
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.7%
4.5%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.1%
1.2%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
—
1.9%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
1.1%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
21.3%
28.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
19.1%
42.5%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
5.2%
4.6%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
12.9%
16.6%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.7%
6.3%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,262,357
173,920
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
302 /1k
412 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
351 kt
1,148 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
0 km/1000km²
17 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
96
32
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
71,695
71,062
Population aged 65+
24,751
21,144
Population aged under 15
16,074
15,748
Median age of population
42.5 yrs
43.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.5%
29.8%
Crude rate of total population change
62.1 /1k
2.7 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
66.9 /1k
6.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.5 /1k
7.6 /1k
Crude death rate
11.3 /1k
11.3 /1k
Live births
714
814
Deaths
1,238
1,218
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.9%
51.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.36
1.36
Population density (persons per km²)
51 /km²
61 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
238,073
93,287
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
27.9%
31.6%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
83.0 yrs
80.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
22.5%
26.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
335 /100k
435 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
861 /100k
1,154 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
199 /100k
245 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
4.7 /100k
7.4 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
11.3 /100k
9.3 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
82.3 /100k
268 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
98 /M
73 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.56
0.56
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.42
0.42
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.49
0.49
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.32
0.32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.24
0.24
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.143/kWh
€0.143/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.039/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
552 m
156 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
22 days/yr
47 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
16 days/yr
37 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
8 days/yr
12 days/yr