Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€182,283M
€160,522M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€5M
€246M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€16,437M
€16,917M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€11,664M
€13,898M
GVA — construction (F)
€6,790M
€7,895M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€45,610M
€46,806M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€26,400
€27,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
48,700 PPS
61,100 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€54,700
€72,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€39,950M
€39,988M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,462M
€3,118M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€112,242M
€78,030M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€16,453M
€16,672M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€11,914M
€20,522M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€57,889M
€56,546M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€55,553M
€32,110M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€180,082M
€171,168M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€97,679
€135,749
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€40,567M
€44,039M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
2,197,430
1,404,710
Self-employed persons
214,050
70,200
Employment in manufacturing (C)
112,010
76,100
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
77.7%
85.8%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
9.8%
25.5%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.5%
9.0%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,996,000
1,468,800
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
48.1%
60.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
55.3%
65.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
11.9%
41.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
36.1%
40.7%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
14.0%
16.3%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
334 /1k
398 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
27,572 kt
46,977 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
13,046
22
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
354
1
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
86 km/1000km²
48 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
18
19
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
2,466,429
1,628,867
Population aged 65+
707,418
418,087
Population aged under 15
511,418
426,353
Median age of population
41.3 yrs
39.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
28.7%
25.7%
Crude rate of total population change
6.2 /1k
7.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
7.3 /1k
3.3 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.2 /1k
10.4 /1k
Crude death rate
10.3 /1k
6.3 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
49.4%
51.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.22
1.41
Population density (persons per km²)
4,343 /km²
378 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
4,335,249
3,424,317
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.8 /100k
—
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
140 /100k
49.0 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
1,098 /100k
567 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
3,228 /100k
2,442 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
15 /M
10 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.91
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.62
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.74
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
2.03
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.94