NUTS-3 DE139 · Germany
Population
238,2632025
GDP
€9,148M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3.1%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
83.9%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
808.2 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
DE139 · DEA14
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt (Opportunity 61). Runner-up: Lörrach (60). Contrarian pick: Lörrach — leads the set on Labour market (EU pctl 89).
#2Lörrach
Strengths
Labour market (89) · Connectivity (82)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 17 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt
Its weakest dimension is Air quality (EU pctl 26) — Lörrach may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt · Manufacturing → Lörrach · Office → Lörrach · Residential → Lörrach.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
60.0
60.5
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
72.0
55.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
70.9
42.7
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
79.0
26.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
82.3
78.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
55.3
43.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
30.0
36.4
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
0.3% 5y
1.0% 5y
Population
0.8% 5y
0.3% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.3% 5y
5.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€38,394
€47,867
Population density
295 /km²
1,682 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 84 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,356M
€10,118M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€45M
€23M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,495M
€2,664M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,170M
€2,227M
GVA — construction (F)
€383M
€298M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,777M
€2,640M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€29,100
€27,100
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
34,500 PPS
42,800 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€38,700
€48,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€24,625M
€40,936M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€4,717M
€5,526M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€57,940M
€145,544M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,935M
€2,237M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,721M
€2,255M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€7,923M
€9,315M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€90,237
€92,827
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,155M
€1,736M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
107,190
125,920
Self-employed persons
9,310
9,420
Employment in manufacturing (C)
23,130
21,580
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
82.3%
76.8%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
4.0%
8.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.1%
4.9%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
131,200
117,400
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
8,051
8,846
Enterprise births
705
825
Enterprise deaths
717
848
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.9%
3.7%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
2.5%
1.6%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
6.0%
4.6%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
1.0%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
37.6%
31.8%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
42.8%
35.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.6%
9.6%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
25.0%
22.3%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.3%
8.7%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,203,657
266,461
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
603 /1k
567 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,496 kt
7,807 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,661
817
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
697
353
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
21
14
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
6
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
150,493
147,816
Population aged 65+
52,002
51,534
Population aged under 15
35,768
32,056
Median age of population
45.1 yrs
45.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.6%
34.9%
Crude rate of total population change
4.4 /1k
4.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
7.4 /1k
8.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.5 /1k
8.6 /1k
Crude death rate
10.5 /1k
12.9 /1k
Live births
1,780
1,981
Deaths
2,500
2,987
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
58.3%
56.6%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.30
1.45
Population density (persons per km²)
296 /km²
1,710 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
244,576
220,255
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
18.4%
23.6%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.2 yrs
80.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
13.1%
16.5%
Health
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
950 /100k
1,075 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
205 /100k
254 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
1.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
35.0 /100k
85.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
194 /100k
525 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,368 /100k
2,116 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
34 /M
22 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.53
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.161/kWh
€0.161/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.055/kWh
€0.055/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
649 m
37 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
4 days/yr
9 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
80 days/yr
34 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
14 days/yr
3 days/yr