Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€66,068M
€78,467M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€26M
€181M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€21,021M
€4,476M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€19,745M
€3,415M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,694M
€3,849M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€11,084M
€15,282M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,800
€41,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
105,200 PPS
97,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€118,100
€127,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€60,881M
€13,250M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€22,211M
€532M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€139,588M
€43,153M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€5,996M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€4,035M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€21,304M
€38,484M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€10,937M
€16,197M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€62,694M
€68,962M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€138,848
€171,441
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€16,001M
€13,406M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
548,450
516,030
Self-employed persons
32,380
30,480
Employment in manufacturing (C)
77,320
32,570
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
82.6%
74.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
6.9%
21.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.6%
6.5%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
370,800
351,100
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
38.0%
55.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
43.1%
65.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.0%
17.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.4%
45.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.3%
13.0%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
636 /1k
670 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,918 kt
14,914 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,775
199
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
290
29
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
—
65 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
11
23
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
419,536
471,208
Population aged 65+
112,905
103,889
Population aged under 15
80,222
106,876
Median age of population
40.6 yrs
39.8 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
26.9%
22.0%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.7 /1k
14.7 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.6 /1k
11.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.8 /1k
9.5 /1k
Crude death rate
8.9 /1k
6.6 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
46.0%
44.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.12
1.26
Population density (persons per km²)
2,975 /km²
262 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
647,415
781,193
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
1.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
107 /100k
101 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
359 /100k
634 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,801 /100k
2,520 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
27 /M
26 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.97
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.87
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.75
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.97
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
1.02