Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€33,022M
€36,257M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€231M
€807M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,504M
€12,935M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,648M
€11,782M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,656M
€1,624M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€9,054M
€7,740M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€18,700
€17,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
61,000 PPS
33,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€48,800
€27,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€9,259M
€10,618M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,651M
€3,435M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€14,711M
€15,003M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€5,005M
€6,152M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€2,013M
€676M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€11,198M
€8,158M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€6,380M
€4,992M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€30,003M
€30,954M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€80,294
€67,989
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€9,779M
€11,431M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
478,030
624,550
Self-employed persons
47,780
116,840
Employment in manufacturing (C)
53,510
179,010
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
80.6%
77.8%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
4.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.5%
1.5%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
402,800
720,700
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
54.8%
26.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
55.5%
28.6%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
18.7%
8.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
39.5%
19.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.2%
8.9%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
681 /1k
609 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,424 kt
75,295 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,143
5,408
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
75 km/1000km²
36 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
291
369
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
19
30
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
475,592
939,165
Population aged 65+
137,868
275,321
Population aged under 15
122,925
251,729
Median age of population
42.9 yrs
43.1 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
29.0%
29.3%
Crude rate of total population change
4.9 /1k
7.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.3 /1k
8.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.3 /1k
7.5 /1k
Crude death rate
8.6 /1k
9.4 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
54.8%
56.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.30
1.35
Population density (persons per km²)
364 /km²
136 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
863,143
1,627,919
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.4 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
4.6 /100k
7.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
95.3 /100k
229 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
235 /100k
188 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
46 /M
53 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.80
1.20
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.73
1.33
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.59
1.14
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.38
0.80
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
1.00