Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€58,076M
€83,897M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€1,472M
€752M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€8,279M
€21,067M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€6,328M
€19,342M
GVA — construction (F)
€3,568M
€5,232M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€16,282M
€18,574M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,800
€23,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
38,200 PPS
44,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€45,200
€52,600
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€16,793M
€30,722M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,969M
€7,348M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€34,013M
€50,417M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€5,651M
€7,714M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€3,521M
€4,834M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€13,515M
€19,470M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€14,960M
€18,802M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€60,052M
€87,110M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€100,700
€106,526
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€16,630M
€29,470M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
685,100
935,570
Self-employed persons
39,900
41,800
Employment in manufacturing (C)
60,800
120,900
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
83.4%
84.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.7%
21.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
10.2%
8.5%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
785,000
991,600
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
52.2%
50.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
49.9%
52.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
37.9%
37.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
35.4%
33.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.8%
14.5%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
461 /1k
466 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
52,531 kt
68,504 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
70
45
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
5
3
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
28 km/1000km²
20 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
46
79
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
895,038
1,116,302
Population aged 65+
286,963
359,559
Population aged under 15
246,625
296,960
Median age of population
40.7 yrs
40.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.1%
32.2%
Crude rate of total population change
4.8 /1k
3.3 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.9 /1k
2.1 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.5 /1k
9.7 /1k
Crude death rate
8.6 /1k
8.5 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.6%
58.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.45
1.45
Population density (persons per km²)
130 /km²
74 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,009,510
2,449,552
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.91
1.91
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.62
1.62
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.74
1.74
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.03
2.03
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.94
0.94