Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€58,076M
€65,236M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€1,472M
€862M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€8,279M
€7,751M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€6,328M
€5,664M
GVA — construction (F)
€3,568M
€3,990M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€16,282M
€14,197M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,800
€24,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
38,200 PPS
39,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€45,200
€42,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€16,793M
€30,151M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,969M
€2,628M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€34,013M
€68,404M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€5,651M
€9,368M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€3,521M
€3,728M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€13,515M
€21,049M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€14,960M
€17,388M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€60,052M
€65,515M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€100,700
€90,805
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€16,630M
€16,491M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
685,100
819,900
Self-employed persons
39,900
104,000
Employment in manufacturing (C)
60,800
55,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
83.4%
79.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.7%
18.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
10.2%
7.7%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
785,000
869,200
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
52.2%
44.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
49.9%
53.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
37.9%
18.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
35.4%
27.7%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.8%
8.4%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
461 /1k
—
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
52,531 kt
34,047 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
70
9,445
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
28 km/1000km²
21 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
5
549
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
46
11
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
895,038
1,092,091
Population aged 65+
286,963
359,182
Population aged under 15
246,625
269,289
Median age of population
40.7 yrs
42.0 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.1%
32.9%
Crude rate of total population change
4.8 /1k
8.6 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.9 /1k
8.3 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.5 /1k
9.0 /1k
Crude death rate
8.6 /1k
8.7 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.6%
57.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.45
1.39
Population density (persons per km²)
130 /km²
173 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,009,510
2,185,090
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
—
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
61.3 /100k
92.5 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
623 /100k
573 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
3,030 /100k
2,502 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
18 /M
57 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.91
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.62
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.74
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.03
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.94
0.02