NUTS-3 RO322 · Romania
Population
604,2642025
GDP
€10,406M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
1.8%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
81.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
1,565.8 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
RO322 · PL218
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Ilfov (Opportunity 59). Runner-up: Nowosądecki (44). Contrarian pick: Nowosądecki — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 91).
#1Ilfov
Strengths
Demographic outlook (94) · Growth momentum (91)
Red flags
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Air quality (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Cost advantage (91) · Demographic outlook (90)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Ilfov
Governance (EU bottom 15%); Air quality (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 2) — Nowosądecki may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Ilfov leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
59.3
44.1
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
39.8
32.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
43.3
51.4
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
8.0
61.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
58.7
24.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
85.5
74.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
91.0
54.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
5.5% 5y
2.7% 5y
Population
4.4% 5y
0.9% 5y
Unemployment rate
17.8% 5y
3.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€17,221
€12,929
Population density
386 /km²
145 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€9,430M
€5,967M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€112M
€128M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,734M
€1,340M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,503M
€1,185M
GVA — construction (F)
€663M
€826M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,768M
€1,521M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€17,600
€10,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
29,100 PPS
18,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€17,500
€12,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€34,028M
€10,024M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,152M
€1,652M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€37,853M
€26,117M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€858M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€389M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,227M
€878M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€925M
€1,274M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€7,973M
€5,675M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€59,870
€40,247
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,867M
€1,280M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
193,490
201,200
Self-employed persons
6,260
52,700
Employment in manufacturing (C)
24,460
36,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.4%
73.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
15.7%
11.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
1.8%
2.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
320,000
243,100
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
43,824
34,308
Enterprise births
6,853
3,656
Enterprise deaths
3,312
4,065
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.2%
6.5%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.8%
2.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
9.4%
6.0%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
1.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
40.7%
41.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
47.3%
48.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
20.5%
9.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
31.0%
31.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.0%
11.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.7%
97.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
311,065
2,529,427
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
671 /1k
588 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
15,191 kt
10,887 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,805
492
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
72 km/1000km²
10 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
299
96
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
12
95
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
419,555
330,372
Population aged 65+
81,214
88,691
Population aged under 15
103,495
91,683
Median age of population
40.1 yrs
40.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
19.4%
26.8%
Crude rate of total population change
34.7 /1k
-2.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
34.8 /1k
-1.8 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.2 /1k
8.5 /1k
Crude death rate
7.3 /1k
9.2 /1k
Live births
4,253
4,326
Deaths
4,309
4,686
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
44.0%
54.6%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.09
1.38
Population density (persons per km²)
390 /km²
146 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
723,916
494,609
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
13.6%
14.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
77.8 yrs
79.6 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
2.7%
13.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
1,057 /100k
617 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,823 /100k
1,376 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
328 /100k
278 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
9.6 /100k
6.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
171 /100k
57.4 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
161 /100k
99.8 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
49 /M
35 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
80 m
508 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
37 days/yr
3 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
70 days/yr
103 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
5 days/yr
8 days/yr